Increased proportions of CCR4⁺ cells among peripheral blood CD4⁺ cells and serum levels of allergen-specific IgE antibody in canine chronic rhinitis and bronchitis

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Canine chronic rhinitis (CR) and bronchitis (CB) are suspected to be allergic diseases. The present study tested whether dogs diagnosed with CR or CB present an atopic predisposition based on the serum levels of allergen-specific IgE antibodies and the ratio of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)-positive cells among peripheral blood CD4-positive cells (CCR4/CD4). We found that most dogs with CR and CB have a possibility of atopic predisposition, and macrolide therapy constitutes an alternative to corticosteroid therapy in controlling the clinical signs.