羊痘毒ヲ以テセル動物實驗特ニソノ牛痘化ニ就テ

抄録

In May 1933, some scabs, which had been obtained from the skin of a sheep suspected to suffer from sheep-pox were sent to our laboratory from X district. To the scabs. was added 1% carbol solution in 1: 4 proportion and, after shaking for 3 hours, the suspension was centrifugalized. The sediment was washed 3 or 4 times with saline solution and it was then emulsified in 1: 4 proportion with carbol (0.5%)-glycerin (60%) solution.
Animal experiments were then performed with the scab emulsion thus produced and especially the vaccinization with this scabvirus was tried. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) Smearing of the scab-virus on the scarified cornea of sheep caused a clouding of the inoculated area on the 3rd day and this reaction continued 2 weeks. In pig, a slight clouding appeared on the 11th day after inoculation and it persisted for 40 days. In calves, a clouding of cornea occurred on the 3rd. to 4th day after inoculation and continued one month. We, however, couldn't observe such a reaction in goats, rabbits or guinea-pigs.
(2) When the scab-virus was inoculated on the incised skin of sheep, vesicle appeared on the 3rd day and developed to its maximum on the 5th to 6th day. The desiccation stage comes generally after 2 weeks and the formed scabs begin to fall off after 3 weeks.
(3) The dermal inoculation with sheep-passage virus as well as the intravenous injection with the 2nd passage-virus produced a beautiful, confluent eruption on the skin of sheep. If the blood, liver and spleen of thus infected sheep are inoculated on the skin of sheep or goats, these materials can also produce distinct eruption.
(4) The scab-virus filtered through N or V candle of Berkefeld filter, produced a definite eruption by dermal or intradermal inoculation into sheep or goats. It was then proved that the virus under discussion is filterable.
(5) When the scab-virus was inoculated on the skin of goats, the eruption developed its maximum nearly on the 6th day (Fig. 4) and the formed scabs began to fall off on about the 16th day.
(6) Our scab-virus, when inoculated into calves dermally or intradermally, produced a papular eruption already in the 1st generation of calf-skin passage.
(7) While the original scab-virus causes only a stimulating reaction on the inoculated skin of rabbits, the above-mentioned 1st rabbit-passage virus produced a characteristic red eruption, as large as the half size of red bean, on the skin of rabbits (Fig. 1). Similar eruption was still observed up to the 4th generation of rabbit-passage. The 5th transfer-virus, however, could first yield a papule-like eruption on the skin of rabbits (Fig. 2). The 4th transfer-virus did not yet cause any reaction on the cornea of rabbit, but it produced a papule-like eruption on the skin of calf. The 5th transfer-virus caused a clouding on the cornea of rabbits in 66%, but not yet on the cornea of calves, while it developed scattered pustules on the skin of calves.
The rabbit, which has been inoculated with the 5th transfervirus, resisted the subsequent infection with vaccine virus. Then it may be considered that the 5th rabbit-transfer-virus began to lapinize, i. e., vaccinize. The 6th transfer-virus became decidedly virulent for rabbit and calf (Fig. 5), and it could develope confluent pustules on their skin. Moreover, it can produce a distinct clouding on rabbit's cornea, where we can easily detect the Guarnieri-bodies (Fig. 3). And it can also cause a clouding reaction. on the scarified cornea of calf.
(8) The original scab-virus does not affect guinea-pigs at all.
(9) The original scab-virus, like vaccine virus, could produce red eruptions on the skin of pigs.
(10) The vaccination with the sensitized virus protected sheep, against reinoculation with this virus, as well as, with the sheeppox virus.
(11) From the above-stated facts, it became known that this. scab-virus sent to us originated from a sheep-pox animal.