An investigation of the relationship between the grinding force ratio and the residual stress of a ground surface was carried out to obtain basic information on the improvement of the surface integrity of the ground surface. The grinding method of this study is the horizontal-shaft surface grinding with a WA wheel or CBN wheel. The residual stress of the ground surface is measured by the X-ray diffraction method. The distribution pattern of residual stress of the ground surface is determined by the grinding force ratio. A sufficiently small grinding force ratio results in a compressive-stress-type distribution pattern. The surface generated by the CBN wheel grinding represents a compressive-stress-pattern, which leads to a better surface integrity in general. This is a result of very small force ratio that we found particularly with the CBN wheel grinding.