江藤新平の教育構想 : 「道芸二学ヲ開ク」の展開と帰結

抄録

This paper will explore Eto Shinpei's educational plan, discussing the political process that brought expression this plan and its significance in the history of educational policy. Eto was essentially the first leader of the Meiji period Ministry of Education, and it is well known that he accomplished many important educational reforms. Through a better understanding of Eto's plan for educational policy, we obtain clue that helps to reveal the direction of modern Japan's educational policy in its infancy. The primary characteristic of Eto's plan for education was its division of education into dogaku and geigaku. Dogaku was comprised of subjects related to religion and morality, while geigaku consisted of subjects related to science and technology. Eto tried to apply this plan to educational policy. This paper makes the following conclusions : 1. The representative historical document regarding Eto's plan, "Gakko no Gi" (Regarding Schools), was written when the University was closed. His plan was not completely original; previously established university policy and Eto's division of education complemented one another well. 2. Eto's educational plan, including "Gakko no Gi," was often expressed in various government settings. This is important proof supporting the premise that Eto took part in the formation of the educational policy. Because his plan was accepted within the government to some degree, it can be understood that Eto participated in policymaking. 3. Eto, who was involved in the establishment of the Ministry of Doctrinal Instruction as well as the Ministry of Education, declared that jurisdiction over education should be divided ; geigaku should be overseen by the Ministry of Education, dogaku by the Ministry of Doctrinal Instruction. Because this plan appeared in a statement published by the Meiji government's legislative body, the Sain, it can be seen that Eto's ideas had some influence on educational policy formation.