中国・インド諸地域を対象とした先進発電技術導入のエネルギーチェーン多層評価

抄録

Objective. In order to evaluate environmental loads, we studied the effects on energy efficiency and CO₂, SO₂ emissions in each advanced thermal power generation technologies in China and India using the energy chain life cycle assessment (LCA) model. Integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC), ultra super critical power plant (USC) and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) were chosen as new power generation technologies.
Results and Discussion. NGCC with a natural gas pipeline for transport is most effective in reducing CO₂, SO₂ emissions. Advanced coal-fired technologies are advantageous in lowering the fueling cost. IGCC and USC are desirable for Shanxi which is the coal producing region. The cost of CO₂ emission reduction that will be generated by NGCC amounts 102 USD/t-CO₂ in Shanghai province, which is lower than the comparable cost of 492 USD/t-CO₂ for the case of IGCC with coal transportation by truck.
Conclusions. NGCC with pipeline transportation has a higher energy profit ratio (EPR), and NGCC with a natural gas pipeline for transport is most effective in reducing CO₂ emission. From the results obtained by evaluating the energy cost, it was found that IGCC and USC are advantageous in lowering the fueling cost of coal. Meanwhile, the energy cost in natural gas-fired power generation depends on the fuel transport method. The fuel transport cost is high when LNG trucks are used over long distance: hence, developing natural gas pipelines would be most important.