タバコシバンムシから分離された真菌類

抄録

Fungi (eumycetes) isolated from the body surface of the cigarette beetles, Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), were studied for their effect on food sanitation. The cigarette beetles were captured using a pheromone trap in 30 household kitchens in Tokyo, Saitama and Gunma prefectures from the end of July to the beginning of September, 2000. Each of the 150 captured beetles (5 beetles/house) was individually placed in a sterilization tube, with 1 ml of phosphate buffer. By shaking this tube with a touch mixer, the fungal spores adhering to the body surface of the beetle were separated. This extraction liquid was incubated on agar plates of potato dextrose (PDA), Czapek-Dox and Czapek yeast extract (CYA) at 25℃ and/or 26℃ for 5-7 days. Then, the colony grown on the plate was observed and identified on the basis of morphological characters. Consequently, 17 species of molds and about 5 species of yeasts were isolated from the body surface. Genus Aspergillus (12 isolates, 4 species) and genus Eurotium (8 isolates, 2 species) were predominant, followed by genus Penicillium (6 isolates, 4 species) and genus Arthrinium (5 isolates). Among the isolates of the toxigenic species including Aspergillus ochraceus, A. versicolor and A. fumigatus, ochratoxin A production by A. ochraceus were studied. Consequently, both isolates tested positive for toxin production. Moreover, the body surface of the cigarette beetles captured from the kitchens of 3 houses in Tokyo from the middle of August to the beginning of September 2001 was observed by a scanning electron microscope. Some fungal spores, similar to conidia of genus Aspergillus and genus Penicillium, were seen on the surface of the beetles.