東南アジアの開発主義とメディア政策 : 国際競争の進展のなかで(<特集>情報技術の進展とメディア秩序の変容)

抄録

During the 1990s, we have seen the transformation of information and mass-media policies in Southeast Asia, where globalization is now going on.For example, satellite-communication systems are not only regarded as a means of national integration, but an economic resource for winning in the international market.Some governments are competing to build satellite-communication systems in this area.As a result, the Western content of DBS channels is increasing because of a scarcity of local content.Moreover, in some countries, the government ministry which is concerned with broadcasting policies has shifted from the ministry of information to the ministry of communications, which is concerned with telecommunications.I will examine the case of two such countries, Indonesia and Malaysia, both of which have experienced authoritarian press control.The reforming Indonesian government, under President Abdurrahman Wahid, abolished the Department of Information.Also, the Directorate of Broadcasting, formerly a subsection of that Department, will be shifted into the Department of Communications.As for Malaysia, although there are serious problems about press freedom, especially in the case of Anwar Ibrahim, the government has partly assured the public freedom of speech on the Internet.It also elevated the importance of the Ministry of Communications over that of the Ministry of Information.I will identify and explain recent trends in telecommunications and broadcasting in the political economy of these two countries.