東欧旧社会主義国における国営テレビの変容 : チェコ・スロヴァキアの事例を中心に

抄録

The purpose of this study is to examine changes in the official media in former communist countries, especially in national television in Czechoslovakia before 1989. After considering the communist theory of the press expounded by W. Schramm, this study presents several points and perspectives which shed light on the function of the official media under the Czech communist regime. In Czechoslovakia, the law provided for strict control of the media by the government. But in practice, the activity of National TV showed incremental changes away from this strict control in the following ways: 1) a conceptual change concerning "socialist entertainment," 2) the introduction of audience research and commercial messages, and 3) program exchanges with the West. While the media in communist Czechoslovakia has been studied previously as an instrument of Communist Party propaganda, this study shows how changes in the media under communist rule may actually have contributed to the collapse of the regime.