実践の理論から遂行性の理論へ : ハビトゥス・行為体・遂行的矛盾(ブルデュー特集)

抄録

What possibilities can we find in the clinical method of psychoanalysis (dialogic relationship between analysand and analyst) in order to transform routinized sociological practices of social research? This study examines Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice and Judith Butler's theory of performativity which try to revaluate the performative force of language playing central role in clinical experiences. Although both theory recast the concept of "illocutionary force" in utterance articulated by J. L. Austin, Bourdieu's scheme of habitus/practice turn out to be incomplete with regard to the break of sociology's positivistic assumption because this scheme assume the priviledge of sociologists who can synthesize the "subjective" and the "objective" knowledge on social world. By contrast, Butler provides the concept of agency and performative contradiction focusing on gap between action and its effects. These concepts explain why clinical experiences in analysand-analyst relationship produce curative effects and have great implications for rethinking the role of sociologists.