女性医学とスポーツ

抄録

The year 2020 was to be the year of the Tokyo Olympics, but the event was postponed due to controlling thetransmission of COVID-19, and now the battle against COVID-19 is underway for the 2021 Olympics. There is nodoubt that not only top athletes aiming for the Olympics but also the entire nation is becoming more interested inbecoming involved in sports and improving their health. Conventional sports theory has developed without muchconceptualization of gender differences between men and women, which has led to many problems that need to beaddressed medically. In the field of gynecology, the importance of lifelong health care for women also calls for amedical approach to maintaining women’s health in sports. In this paper, I would like to discuss the particularitiesof women’s health problems among athletes and consider care for their lifelong health. The American College ofSports Medicine lists (1) low energy availability with or without disordered eating, (2) menstrual dysfunction, and(3) low bone mineral density as the most common health problems among female athletes and refers to these as “thefemale athlete triad”. Stress fractures have been linked to this triad.In the case of bone loss and amenorrhea caused by low energy availability, the important treatment is to increase energy intake, reduce energy consumption by training, and increase available energy. Hormone therapyshould be considered if correcting energy deficiency does not work or if weight gain is difficult due to the natureof the competition. Oral contraceptives/low dose estrogen progestin and progestin are not banned substances, sothey can be used by athletes. When considering prescribing a drug, physicians can check the Global DRO JAPANwebsite to ensure that the drug is not prohibited.