A 46 year-old man was pointed out positive test for fecal occult blood wtihout any symptom. Barium enema examination showed rectal polypoid lesion without any mucosal lesion, however, total colonoscopy revealed ulcer lesions localized only in the cecum covered with yellowish coat. Pathological study showed erosive change and PAS-positive round cells phagocyting red blood cells, which suggested trophozytes of Entamoeba histolytica. Serological examination for Entamoeba histolytica was positive and metronidazole 1.5g/day was given for a week. Two months later, there was no ulcer lesion in the cecum. This case suggested the importance of total colonoscopy for anyone with positive fecal occult blood and of thinking amoebic colitis as one of the colonic inflammation in the ileocecal region.
