身体運動文化研究の学際性―人間における身体運動の文化性と自然性―

抄録

The human body is the ontologically essential basis of life of human being, but it have been studied little in the west as a subject. In the latter half of the 20^th Century, philosophical anthropology began to examine human being, provided great insights into the uniqueness of human body. The human develops physically from being capable of only reflex actions to being capable of versatile movement. The fact suggests that the human being is something that can be developed under specific conditions, rather than something simply a priori. The body has been studied as the subject or natural science, however, the mechanism of transformation a naturally incompetent body into a physical entity with versatile capabilities could not be clarified because of the limit of natural science. Motor ability acquired in the newborn is not internal, only through external media that is "movement form." This movement form is independent of motor skills of individuals, and to be accumulative as a culture. Physical education promotes diversified human bodies by transforming physique into human bodies, which is only possible through the medium of different forms of movement accumulated through culture. The diversity in abilities of human body originates in the complex relationship between physical plasticity and forms of movement in a culture. The study of human movement is required interdisciplinary approach.