体育哲学における身体corpsの二面性：デカルト哲学における「人間」理解を手がかりとして

抄録

An attempt was made to clarify dual aspects of the human body in the context of physical education, with the discussion centering mainly on the philosophy of René Descartes (1596-1650). In the field of physical education philosophy, discussions about the conception of the human body continue to draw interest, but there are now other conceptions that serve as alternatives among researchers. Therefore, it is useful to examine the most fundamental understanding of the human body from the philosophical perspective of Descartes.

Descartes believed that the human body is nothing but a machine, with three common characteristics: divisibility (division), shapability (shape), and movability (motion). All three encompass the natural phenomena that make up the human body.

On the other hand, the perspective of “Les Passions de l' âme (The Passions of the Soul)" depicts human beings as the union of mind and body. Movement can be affected by social relationships and by controlling one's own passions. Descartes first exemplified this perspective by citing the example of a dog and a partridge, implying that a connection between certain passions and bodily movement in humans can be changed by given “habits" or “sufficient ingenuity in training."

As a result, human body in the union of body and mind seems to have dual aspects: it is a machine of an organism (from an ontological viewpoint), while bodily movements can be modified in relation to various passions and habits (from the viewpoint of social relationships). The discussion also raises the possibility that the theory of Descartes has a role in constructing the theory of physical education.