直心影流の法定の形に関する一考察

抄録

This study focuses on the Kata ‘Hōjō’ central in Jikishinkage-ryu. The purpose of this study is to research the birth of Hōjō, at what training stage Hōjō is practiced, the stages in Hōjō training, and the actual content.

The conclusions of this study are as below.

１． The prototypical four Katas of Hōjō were formed in the Jikishin-ryu. And the actual Hojo already was formed in the Jikishinseito-ryu.

２．Hōjō was trained in the first and second stages of the training process of Jikishinkage-ryu.

３． In The first stage, it is prohibited to duel. This is for two reasons. First, the hope to progress and defeat opponents hinder training. Second, by forcing too much spirit and hitting too hard causes incorrect actions and postures.

４． Hōjō was had two stages. In the first stage, ascetics learn movements of Uchitachi and Shitachi to correct posture and sword-swing trajectories. Intermediate ascetics train ‘Shingyō’ to verify that the mind is in correct condition.

５．Descriptions of teachings of correct swing trajectories called ‘Tateichimonji’ and ‘Yokoichimonji’ can be found in documents. These teachings in turn are crucial to the swing of ‘Jyūmonji’.

６．Ascetics were required to create ideal body posture through Hōjō training. This ideal body condition relates to the teaching of ‘Sōtai-no -shime’ that fill body with ‘Ki’ and sharpens the senses. The eyes, navel, and the back are thought of as important points.

７．‘Hikiri’ is one of the ‘Shingyō’ in Hōjō training. This training eliminates unpure thought called ‘Hi’ from one’s mind and this is done by swinging wooden swords in Hōjō practice.

８．Also considered ‘Shingyō’ is ‘Shikake’; a psychological mind-game in which one takes the initiative to recognize both strengths and weaknesses to discover and master opportunities of attack in the relation with the opponent.