エコロジカル・トレーニングに関する思想的研究 ―集団球技スポーツの新たなトレーニングコンセプトの確立に向けて―

抄録

The purpose of this study is to build the new organizational theory in ball games of team sports. For this aim, the authors focused on the training principle of ecological training and its philosophical foundation.

The philosophical foundation of ecological training is ecological dynamics, and this is being integrated ecological psychology and dynamical system. We revealed theoretical principles （A, the attunement to affordances; B, the exploration of adaptive movement variability in meta-stability; C, the exploitation of neurobiological degeneracy）, methodological principles （A’, individual constraints; B’, environmental constraints; C’, task constraints） and general principles （A”, education of attention; B”, education of calibration; C”, education of intention） from this philosophical foundation. The structure of these （theoretical, methodological and general） principles is fractal （theoretical ⇒ methodological ⇒ general） and they are interacting, as the superstructure is including the understructure.

A training is needed to be designed as aggregation of competitive environment, so environments of sports are unpredictable and have noise. Players are capable to perform the creative and dynamic play that emerge generation and decay （i.e., self-organization and dissipation）, thorough interaction between them and environments. We defined its play as frail emergence.

The issue in the future is to propose the concrete training of ecological training and consider the organizational theory based on ecological dynamics.