Immunodetection and Characterization of Allergenic Proteins in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

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Allergenic proteins of molecular mass 22kDa, 36kDa, 39-40kDa and 70-72kDa were identified from water-soluble fractions of common buckwheat cv. “Miyazaki-zairai”. The identification was based on the reactivity of the protein with IgE antibodies from patients' allergic to buckwheat. The allergenic proteins fall within the β and γ subunits of the globulin fraction indicating that the allergenic reactions are contributed by the major storage protein in buckwheat. The 22kDa protein was the most consistent with IgE activity. N-terminal amino acid sequence of 22kDa protein showed maximum homology with the seed globulins from both dicot and monocot species. Based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence, two degenerate primers were selected to amplify the cDNA encoding the major allergenic protein. A single PCR product obtained was subsequently sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence was identical in its N-terminal end. Homology search revealed 94 and 93% homology to two buckwheat legumin like proteins.