抄録
We investigated two different free ranging rhesus macaque troops, one living in an urban setting and the other in a rural setting in Bangladesh. The main objectives are to compare and quantify the activity budgets of two populations living in different environments to understand how activity patterns correlate with seasonal and other environmental factors. Behavioral data was collected between September and October, 2007 equally across each age/sex class in both troops. Resting time was significantly higher than feeding time. Feeding time was significantly higher in the rural troop than the urban troop, whereas resting and moving were significantly higher in the urban troop. Time spent feeding and resting was significantly different by age-sex class in both troops while grooming varied by sex class and moving by age class. The urban troop mainly subsisted on natural vegetation (77.7% of the total feeding time), mainly figs (28.3% of total feeding time) followed by grasses (11%). In contrast, the urban troop fed on provisioned foods (63.1%), mainly chickpeas, bread and bananas, supplemented little by natural plant foods. Significant variation of time spent feeding on natural plants was more profound in the rural troop than the variation of feeding time for either age or sex classes in the urban troop. Food availability in the two different rhesus habitats is one factor believed to have caused these variations in behavioral patterns between the troops.
