3　「保全のシンプリフィケーション」を越えて　草の根の環境平和の実践に学ぶ

抄録

As an alternative to past forcible and exclusive fortress conservation policies, “participatory” conservation has been implemented in many parts of the world since the 1980s. Most participatory conservation projects have been led by outsiders such as governmental officers, scholars, international environmental groups, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), among others. In those projects, local people have been portrayed as (potential) threads to “intact” natural cosystems.

In some cases, however, local people have been conducting practices that enhance sustainability in human-nature relationships as well as human-human relationships over natural resources, as seen in mountain areas on Seram Island, east Indonesia, where I conducted environmental anthropological research.

This paper depicts discrepancies between local grassroots practices seeking environmental peace and exogenous conservation policies by using the concept of “simplification in conservation.” The paper then discusses how to overcome the discrepancies. Finally, the paper suggests an anthropological approach, which enables a holistic and in-depth understanding of an object, has great potential for promoting socially just conservation.