依頼論文
1 日本の政治の根幹をなす沖縄への暴力 国際人権法に基づく人権と自己決定権の沖縄からの訴え
2020 年 54 巻 p. 1-25
詳細
2020 年 54 巻 p. 1-25
In its concluding observations on the combined third to sixth reports of Japan (CERD/C/JPN/CO/3–6) (March 2010), the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination:
“expresses its concern about the persistent discrimination suffered by the people of Okinawa. The disproportionate concentration of [U. S.] military bases on Okinawa has a negative impact on residentsʼ enjoyment of economic, social, and cultural rights.”
In 1972, when the U.S. returned the administration of Ryukyu/Okinawa to the Japanese Government, Tokyo enacted, and has since enforced, the “Law on Special Measures for the Promotion and Development of Okinawa.” This law stipulates that Okinawa Development Agency (ODA), a department of the Japanese Government, will formulate and determine the Okinawa Promotion and Development Plan. Simultaneously, however, the law has neither given jurisdiction to this Agency nor any planning or administrative responsibility for any affairs concerning the U. S. military bases in Okinawa. Therefore, in formulating the plan, ODA marginalizes local voices with bureaucratic procedures that do not offer eliciting opinions from the people of Okinawa on issues related directly to the reduction of the U.S. military bases.
The Japanese Government has, in fact, never recognized the people of Ryukyu/Okinawa as indigenous people, and has, thus, never felt the need to acknowledge their rights to the land, coastlines, and other natural resources that constitute the “ancestral domain,” nor does Tokyo give special protection to these treasures. Contrarily, the government claims the construction of military bases is based on Japanese law, making decisions while denying democratic participation to Okinawa people.
Such discrimination is integral to the present Japanese political and judicial system. Therefore, the people of Okinawa have no access to redress through domestic political and judicial procedures. These are key reasons why Ryukyuan/Okinawan people claim their human rights and the right to self-determination at United Nationsʼ human rights bodies and international society.
