抄録
Land use change is a dominant driver of ecosystem structure and functional reorganization, reshaping the spatial–temporal patterns and interaction networks of ecosystem service supply and thereby influencing regional sustainability. Recent decades have seen intensified land system transformation driven by urbanization, population growth, and climate change; however, the underlying mechanisms governing ecosystem service trade-offs, synergies, and regime shifts across multifunctional landscapes remain insufficiently understood. This review synthesizes recent advances in four interlinked domains: (1) trade-off and synergy mechanisms of ecosystem services in multifunctional landscape systems; (2) resilience dynamics and adaptive governance of coupled social–ecological systems under land use transitions; (3) integration of nature-based solutions (NbS) into land management for enhancing ecosystem multifunctionality; and (4) emerging methodological frameworks enabled by remote sensing, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence for ecosystem service quantification and prediction. Current evidence highlights a paradigm shift from static assessment toward dynamic, process-based, and decision-oriented modeling of ecosystem services under land system change.
