チリにおける小児呼吸器感染に対する治療の動向

抄録

Infant mortality in Chile has experienced a constant decrease which has become quite noticeable in the last thirty years, reaching in 1990 a level of16 per thousand of born alive, one of the lowest in Latin America and which is even lower to what could be expected according to the country's socioeconomic evolution. This reduction has been done overall at the expense of late infant mortality, which constituted in the 1960's decade around 2/3 of the deaths and which now reaches only a 50% of the total. Nevertheless, this national average hide rather important differences among the regions, which range from extremes of a 12.5 per thousand in the First Region to a maximum of 26.6 per thousand in the Ninth Region, La Araucania. If the decrease phenomenon in Total Infant Mortality has been registered, not the same happens with the infant death mortality's proportion produced by Acute Respiratory Infections (ART) which register an even tendency, between a 16 and 17%of deaths in children under 1 year old (16.2% in1990) and continue constituting the first cause of late infant mortality.