カントの『オプス・ポストゥムム』と初期シェリング哲学

抄録

Opus postumum is the bundle of the manuscripts which Kant wrote, supposedly from 1796 to 1803. He exclusively dealt with problems of physics such as “the moving forces of matter” and “the ether or caloric” until 1799. Around 1800, however, he gradually began to mention epistemological or metaphysical topics. The first section of this paper overviews Opus postumum to clarify the difference of major viewpoints between Opus postumum and Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, and furthermore the structure of “ether deduction”. The second section analyses whether or not Kant affirmed the philosophy of Schelling. Taking into consideration the fact that Schelling and Spinoza were mentioned together in a single sentence in Opus postumum and Kant’s numerous critical references to Spinoza, Kant did not approve the philosophy of Schelling.