The relation between cone production and stem diameter and elongation in the Siberian cawrf pine (Pinus pumila Regel) was studied at three mountains in central Japan. The frequency of stems bearing cones increased with stem diameter. In smaller sized stems, the number of stems bearing cones showed a clear correlation with stem elongation. In larger sized stems, however, no such trend was evident. Together, these facts strongly suggest that cone production of the pine coincides with the dry matter production of the stem, and shows no direct relationship with the stem elongation rate alone.