大学生アスリートにおける10食品群の摂取頻度と食物摂取重量との関連

抄録

Diet plays an important role in the maintenance of athlete condition and performance. However, collegiate athletes rarely receive adequate dietary education in Japan. Here, we assessed associations between food intake and intake frequency for 10 food groups in order to confirm that simple questions relating to intake frequency can provide diverse information about food intake in collegiate athletes.

A total of 123 collegiate athletes (67 males) completed a food frequency questionnaire and a non-consecutive 3-day, 24-hour dietary recall relating to the following food groups : meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk and dairy products, soy and soy products, seaweed, potatoes, green and yellow vegetables, other vegetables, and fruits. Frequencies were as follows : almost never, one or twice a week, every other day, and every day. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test, Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma, and weighted matching coefficient kappa were used to assess associations. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare food intake by frequency. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Energy-adjusted intakes were positively associated with frequencies for each food group, with the exception of potatoes (median gamma, 0.27 ; median kappa, 0.79). Comparing intakes of every day or not, significant differences were observed for fish/shellfish, eggs, milk and dairy products, soy and soy products, and other vegetables.

Our findings suggest that simple questions relating to intake frequency can provide diverse information about food intake in collegiate athletes.