中学生における家族との夕食共食頻度及び食事中の自発的コミュニケーションと習慣的な食物摂取状況との関連

抄録

This study focused on family dinner frequency and voluntary mealtime communication (VMC), and explored the cross-sectional associations with dietary intake among adolescents.

Methods: Data from 598 students (303 boys and 295 girls) in the 8th grade from all middle schools in Sakado city with valid responses were analyzed. Students answered a questionnaire on dietary life, and a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire for adolescents (BDHQ15y). Students were divided into following four groups. Among students having family dinners 4 times or more /week, those who engaged in substantial VMC were group A, whereas those who engaged in minimal VMC were group B. Similarly, among students having family dinners 3 times or less /week, those with substantial VMC were group C, and those with minimal VMC were group D. Dietary intakes were energy-adjusted using a density method. ANCOVA was performed to compare dietary intake, adjusted for mother’s working status and the degree of obesity.

Results: A total of 35 boys (11.6%) and 109 girls (36.9%) were included in group A. Girls in group A were more likely to report higher intake of vegetables, fiber, vitamin A, folate, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, iron, and copper than group B. Such differences were not found among boys.

Conclusion: Among adolescent girls who have regular family dinner occasions, students who engaged in substantial VMC were more likely to have better dietary intakes.