口蓋裂患者の耳疾患と鼻疾患

抄録

It is well known that patients with cleft palate have a high incidence of middle ear diseases and nasal diseases, but the etiology is still obscure.
To clarify the features of those diseases, many patients with cleft palate were examined.
1. Ear diseases: Otitis media with effusion (OME) was most common (33%), followed by chronic otitis media (4%), retraction pocket, cholesteatoma, adhesive otitis media, and middle or inner ear anomaly. The overall incidence of ear diseases in this population was 44.5%. A characteristic of OME was its high incidence of recurrence. Among 100 patients, 71% of them needed repeated tube insertions. Therefore, careful examination and long term follow up are necessary for those patients.
2. Nasal diseases: Septal deviation and hypertrophy of the inferior turbinates were more frequent than in normal subjects, and the incidence of paranasal sinusitis was higher in cleft palate patients than in the normal population. The restricted infection type of sinusitis and a lower degree of severity were more frequent. Nasal mucociliary transport was impaired in cleft palate patients, and this impairment was thought to be one of the causes of the high incidence of paranasal sinusitis.
As otolaryngologists, we must pay attention to the high incidence of ear and nose dis eases and their features in cleft palate patients.