パートナー統治の方法とアライアンス成果

日産-ルノー・アライアンスに関する考察

抄録

Nissan-Renault alliance is regarded as an honor case of international alliance, which means one of the most successful alliances in the industry. Among various reasons why this alliance has achieved such a success, this paper pays attention to the role of alliance governance, which is the structure to govern the behaviors of each partner in the alliance. There are three forms of governance, namely equity governance, contractual governance and relational governance. Nissan-Renault alliance has implemented all of these governance forms with quite high level of intensity. In evaluating how each form of governance has contributed to the achievement of alliance, the study aimed to clarify the mechanism in which alliance governance influences alliance performance through four mediating factors (opportunistic behaviors, conflicting interests, synergy effects, and learning effects) involved in this relationship. For the purpose of this clarification, a survey was conducted on strategic alliances which Japanese manufacturing firms have formed with foreign as well as domestic firms, and data for 215 alliance samples became available. As a result of analysis, it was clarified that the relational governance has the most significant influence on alliance performance through positively affecting all of the four mediating factors. It was also clarified that the contractual governance has limited influence on alliance performance through only two mediating factors, while the equity governance has no influence on alliance performance. The results of this analysis imply that the relational governance implemented in Nissan-Renault alliance has played the significant role in controlling and coordinating the behaviors of partners. Considering the particular characteristics of relational structure between the two partners, such as the dual responsibilities of same managers for CEO(Chief Executive Officer) and other senior management positions of both partners, the study concludes that the tightly built relational governance has contributed to the distinguished achievements of this alliance.