Embedding Optical Components in Water to Make Aquatic Images Are Unaffected by Water Surface Undulations

Abstract

We introduce a new aquatic display optical system based on aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR). This system places passive optical components (a beam splitter and retro-reflector) in water to eliminate disturbances due to water motion. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optical system, we develop a prototype optical system and compensate for the motion of the water surface. We analyze the motion compensation and quantify its effectiveness using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) metrics. From these results, we see that the optical system maintains a static image in water even when the water surface is undulating.