Study on Silicon-Based Polarization Converter Using Asymmetric Slot Waveguide

Abstract

A compact optical polarization converter (PC) based on slot waveguide has been proposed in this study. Utilizing the high refractive index contrast between a Si waveguide and SiO₂ cladding on the silicon-on-insulator platform, the light beam can be strongly confined in a slot waveguide structure. The proposed PC consists of a square waveguide and an L-shape cover waveguide. Since the overall structure is symmetrically distributed along the axis rotated 45-degree from the horizontal direction, the optical axis of this PC lies in the direction with equi-angle from two orthogonally polarized modes of the input and output ends, which leads to a high polarization conversion efficiency (PCE). 3D FDTD simulation results illustrate that a TE-to-TM mode conversion is achieved with a device length of 8.2 μm, and the PCE exceeds 99.8%. The structural tolerance and wavelength dependence of the PC have also been discussed in detail.