植物成分の微量化学的檢出法 (第5報)

毛細管反應による塩基類の檢出法に就いて

抄録

A small amount of a sample, coarsely powdered, is placed on a slide glass, a few drops of 0.2% BiCl₃ added, heated over a small flame, and the extracted juice is sucked into a capillary tube of ca. 1mm. diameter. Addition of a small amount of 1% KI will give an orange precipitation if a base is present which dissolves upon warming but separates out again upon cooling. The crystals sometimes show characteristic forms according to the bases present. The authors examined the identification limit (amount in γ/0.002cc.) of ca. 100 bases by this capillary tube method and found it to be 500 to 0.0025γ, 20-0.2γ of the base being the easiest to crystallize. The limit becomes smaller in the order of primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternally base, some primary and secondary bases hard to react. These bases were methylated by MeI or Me₂SO₄ by which the reactions became positive. By the application of this method, over 600 kinds of domestic and South Pacific plants were examined and over 60 kinds were found that gave positive reaction but were not listed in known literatures.