吸着型人工腎臓の基礎的研究(第2報)石油ピッチ粒状炭の被覆と被覆活性炭の性質

抄録

Encapsulation of petroleum pitch charcoal of a spherical granule type was performed by the spray of dilute pyroxylin solution in ethanol, in order to use the charcoal as an adsorbent for an artificial kidney by direct hemoperfusion. The pyroxylin membrane coated on the charcoal by this method was better than that formed by other methods, coacervation and/or dipping method, in terms of physicochemical properties such as homogeneity and permeability. The adsorption rate and capacity of the charcoal were slightly decreased by the membrane coating at the ratio of 3.75-5.0 mg/g charcoal, and were five or more times higher than those of the pyroxylin-coated coconut charcoal reported by Chang. The number of free particles released from the coated charcoal by vibration at 120 rpm for 1 hr was only 100-200 per ml, which is less than the number prescribed for blood expanders by the British Pharmacopoeia. Furthermore, the residual organic solvent in the charcoal could be significantly reduced to the order of 1×10² ppm from 1-2×10⁴ ppm by using ethanol instead of ether or dioxane as a solvent for pyroxilin.