This study explores the utilization of graphical elements as visual aids in complex assembly tasks to mitigate user confusion. The study aimed to investigate the impact of these visual complements on spatial recognition and users’ viewpoint awareness during the assembly process. To achieve this, varying forms of graphical information were introduced to different parts of a joint assembly puzzle and the assembly processes of 33 participants were observed. Results revealed that joint pattern using alphabetic character graphics as stimulus information heightened users’ viewpoint awareness more quickly compared to graphical pattern elements. Additionally, it was hypothesized that when visual complementary elements are employed as stimulus information during assembly, the placement position and outline of the presented figure could further influence the user's spatial recognition.

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