This paper deals with the characteristics of wettedness under constant average skin temper-ature and its effect on the equal skin temperature lines. From the basic measurements of both environmental parameters and human physiological responses, the following results were obtained : Under the condition of constant activity level, clothing worn, air movement and constant average skin temperature, 1. there is a positive correlation between the wettedness and the environmental humidity. 2. there is a negative correlation between the wettedness and the air temperature. 3. there is a negative correlation between the wettedness and the evaporative heat loss. 4. both the maximum and the minimum wettedness values corresponding to each average skin temperature exist. The theoretical examinations regarding the above-mentioned items the characteristics of wettedness under the constant average skin temperature were extended, and we finally obtained the following ; the locus of equal skin temperature is not a straight one but a curve on the psychrometric chart.

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This paper was desrgned to examme appropnateness of equatrons for calculatmg percent body fat from body density. Subjects were 141 boys and 163 girls aged 9-14 years. Body density (Db) was determined by underwater weighing (UW). Residual volume was measured by helium dilution technique (COMP-100, Fukuda Co.). Percent body fat (%fat) was calculated from the formula of Lohman et al. or Brozek et al. The %fat ranged between -0.52% and 44.20% in boys and between 4.94% and 47.44% in girls when the formula of Lohman et al. was used, while the range was 7.00%-45.56% in boys and 11.71% -48.35% in girls when the formula of Brozek et al. was used. In order to examine which formula is more appropriate for the assessment of body composition in boys and girls, %fat values calculated from both formulae were compared. Comparison criterion was essential lipid (boy : 3-5%, girl : 9%). The number of boys whose %fat was 5% or below was 181141 (12.8%) and the number of girls whose %fat was 10% or below was 19/163 (11.7%) when the formula of Lohman et al. was applied, while the minimum value was 7.00% in boys and 11.71% in girls when the farmula of Brozek et al. was utilized. From these results, it is suggested that the formula of Brozek et al. may be more appropriate than the formula of Lohman et al. for the esti.mation of %fat in boys and girls.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the level of spinal cord injury on work efficiencies of paraplegics during arm cranking exerclse. Subjects were male paraplegics including seven high paraplegics (T3-T8) and seven low paraplegics (TIO-L1, 2), and seven normal males. They performed arm cranking exercise at 0 and 30 watts. Work efficiencies of high paraplegics showed a little lower than others, although there were no significant difter-ences among subject's groups. On the other hand, the pulmonary ventilation at a work load of 30 watts significantly increased in high paraplegics in comparison with low paraplegics and normal subjects. The somewhat low work efficiency of high paraplegics was attributable to the increased ventilation which yielded an increase in oxygen uptake.

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