Purpose of the study: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), with Hindutva as its core ideological framework, aims to instill a sense of nationalism in individuals, encouraging them to lead the nation to the heights of glory. This study is divided into two parts: the first part focuses on describing the theoretical aspects of the RSS Movement's ideology, while the second part makes an empirical attempt to explore how followers of the movement perceive this ideology, including the dominant ideas promoted by the movement. Research Methodology: Data for this study was gathered through various research methods, including participant observation, interviews, personal and organizational records, as well as secondary sources such as organizational magazines, books, and websites. Results and Conclusions: In analyzing the theoretical aspect of the RSS Movement, the study delves into the true meaning of Hindutva and its historical development, as understood within the context of the RSS. Additionally, the study explores the movement's objectives and the interpretation of Hindutva within the RSS framework. Further, the study examines the RSS Prayer to better understand the methods and practices employed to promote its ideology. On the empirical front, the study presents detailed findings on how followers perceive Hindutva, the movement's welfare activities, its stance on equality, and its ideological influence on the religious beliefs of its members.

抄録全体を表示

One of the agendas of the Malaysian Education Development Plan (2013-2025) is to form Malaysians who appreciate the values in their lives. Therefore, to ensure that the values are cultivated by students effectively, students need to integrate and practice moral principles and noble values and be virtuous in all aspects of life. This study is quantitative in nature. Questionnaires were distributed to 365 school students in four daily secondary schools in the North Zone of Malaysia, namely the states of Perlis, Kedah, Pulau Pinang and Perak based on the Sistem Sahsiah Diri Murid (SSDM), known as System of Students Self Development (SSSD) Ministry of Education (MOE). This study aims to see the level of moral practice among daily high school students through moral practice towards oneself, moral practice towards family, moral practice towards peers, moral practice towards religion, and moral practice towards society. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0 software was used for data analysis to obtain the mean and standard deviation. Based on the findings of this study, all elements of moral practice got a high mean. Moral practices towards the family have received priority in terms of position (ranking). The family's concern for the children who are still school students will be able to shape their moral values, and even by strengthening the relationship of family institutions, it is worthy of attention.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of this study was to identify the role of social emotional learning and self-efficacy in students' Problem-focused coping. The subjects of this study were 97 preclinical students from the faculty of medical education study program at one of the universities of Jakarta. This study used a correlative quantitative method, the measuring instruments of which were the Social Emotional Learning Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Problem-focused coping Scale. The results of a number of regression tests show a value of R = 0.558, a determination coefficient (square R) of 0.311 and a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05) with a standardized beta coefficient of social emotional learning of 0.438 and a standardized beta coefficient of self-efficacy of 0.219. These results show that social, emotional learning and self-efficacy together play a role in Problem-focused coping in the preclinical students of one of the study programs at the University of Jakarta's Faculty of Medical Education.

抄録全体を表示

Consumers face unique behavioral challenges regarding the exercise of their rights, influenced not only by consumer rights awareness but also by psychological attributes. In this study, we explore the role of self-assertiveness in the relationship between consumer rights awareness and consumer rights exercise. Drawing on data from a sample of 510 consumers, analyzed through OLS regression, the study reveals that higher levels of self-assertiveness strengthen the relationship between consumer rights awareness and consumer rights exercise, controlling for sociodemographic factors. The study emphasizes the potential benefits of combining psychological attributes like self-assertiveness, into consumer education and policy, offering implications for consumer educators, consumer practitioners, and policymakers. The findings suggest that the consumer education programs should address the sociopsychological aspects of consumer behavior. By recognizing psychological pathways influencing consumer behavior, stakeholders can design more holistic approaches to support the consumer well-being by fostering responsible exercise of consumer rights.

抄録全体を表示

Queer Parenting is a spectrum term which consists of family formations that are formed on the basis of mutual love and care that breaks the traditional heteronormative formation of family structures. This paper investigates the non-linear systems of queer parenthood through the lens of kinship theory. By examining the relationship and familial structure, this study analyses how chosen families and traditional biological ties challenge and redefine the notion of parenthood in queer settings. The narrative provides a rich ground for exploring how individuals navigate the paradox of the “chosen” versus the “given” in their family, reflecting broader societal issues as identity and belonging. According to Claud Levis Strauss, Kinship theory emphasize how queer parenthood challenges normative notions of family and offers non-traditional structure that categorize emotional bonds, mutual care and the fluidity of gender roles. This article aims to explore the dynamics of queer parenting through the lens of kinship family structures with the novel, “Detransition baby” by ‘Torrey Peters’. The novel is an ardent and inspirational work that sensitively explores the complexities and the performative nature of gender. Through a close reading of this novel, the character 's experiences portray the limitations of queer parenting and how heteronormative family structures impacts the formation of homosexual parenting. Thus, the proposed article analyses the challenges faced by homosexuals in parenting within the theoretical framework of Kinship with the help of the main characters in the novel.

抄録全体を表示

The main concern of this study is deictic words which are defined by different scholars as words or expressions whose reference relies on the context in which they are used. It aims to clarify deictics and their meanings within the context of the situation. It aims also to show how deictics works within context and indicate to the importance of pragmatics to determine the intended meaning. It is hypothesized that the intended meaning of a deictics can only be determined in the light of the context of the situation and understanding the exact meaning of the deictics needs two elements to taking into account; the physical element of the speaker and analysis of the deictics by the listener or the reader. The adopted model used to analyze the data consists of Newmark's Communicative Approach to translation (1981), Aziz's Contrastive Grammar of English and Arabic (1989), and Yule's Pragmatic Equivalence (2006). The first school or model is adopted for translation, that is, it is for translating English texts into Arabic and vice versa. The second school is adopted as the study is a contrastive study. Finally, the third school is adopted due to deixis is within the scope of pragmatics. The study has found that many translators, in addition to learners, could not grasp the intended meaning of a deictic because of the lack of the context of the situation or the cultural background. Thus, it has been concluded that deictics have no meaning at all if they are decontextualized.

抄録全体を表示

Women working in health care are thought to have higher health literacy and be more likely to take action to cope with health challenges. This study clarifies the relationship between health issues and health literacy among women working and studying in the medical field. This study surveyed 693 women (aged 18–49) affiliated with university hospitals and medical colleges in the Kanto region. Survey items included the Health Literacy Scale for Women of Reproductive Age (HLS), Japanese version of the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ), and Stress Checklist Short Form (PHRF). This study conducted U-tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests to evaluate the association between basic attributes and health literacy, and logistic regression analysis to examine the association between MDQ and PHRF and health literacy. Analysis revealed that respondents scored higher than the general average for their gender on the HLS (61.3 ± 14.3), MDQ (29.2 ± 25.0), and PHRF (15.4 ± 9.8). Respondents who reported having a support system in place at their organization had significantly higher health literacy values across all four PHRF subscales. Additionally, the MDQ subscale “behavioral change” was significantly associated with the HLS subscales “women's choice for adopting health information and practice” and “self-care during menstruation,” while the MDQ subscales “water retention” and “negative affect” were significantly associated with the HLS subscale “self-care during menstruation.” Results suggest the need to provide education to enhance health literacy and establish support systems to reduce stress and premenstrual symptoms in order to maintain and improve the health of women in healthcare-related employment.

抄録全体を表示

In textile craft activities in Indonesia, women still dominate jobs that have an economic impact on them. Its functional role can be a reason for them to continue building activities in textile entrepreneurship. The purpose of this study is to describe the functional roles of community empowerment in the field of textile craft entrepreneurship in Indonesia. The method used is qualitative with an ethnographic approach. The results and discussions support the hypothesis that women's empowerment in textile entrepreneurship in Indonesia has a functional role, especially for women themselves. The study shows that empowerment has a functional role economically, socially, and legally. Through the concept of entrepreneurship, they can increase economic income by 7,1% within 3 years. The functional role of women textile craft entrepreneurs is as agents of change in building the community economy through work generally done by women and providing social benefits to fellow women. Legally, they can understand the concept of work in business and self-development. Therefore, this study provides a specific description of what has happened to women's empowerment activities in textile entrepreneurship in Indonesia to date.

抄録全体を表示

Despite the changes that have occurred in the teaching methods employed in university reading classes, there are still significant challenges in teaching reading, particularly when it comes to students' ability to comprehend the implicit meaning of texts. Utilizing Critical Discourse Analysis can be beneficial for enhancing students' output cognitive strategies in the classroom and unveiling the hidden aspects of texts. This study aims to improve the output cognitive strategies through reading lessons by adapting some techniques of van Dijk's model to EFL university students of Tikrit/ College of Education for Women. Consequently, it is hypothesized that van Dijk's model, as a reading strategy, has a positive impact on the output cognitive strategies of EFL university students in general, and on the types of output cognitive strategies: Analyzing, integrating, interpreting, reasoning, summarizing and visualizing. To achieve this aim, 80 second-year EFL college students participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups, with 40 students in each group. The experimental group received instruction in van Dijk's model for two hours per week over a six-week period. This study utilizes a validated test, and various statistical methods are employed to analyze the collected data. Based on the findings, some conclusions and relevant recommendations are presented.

抄録全体を表示

Japan's “Highly Skilled Foreign Professional Visa” system allows qualified foreigners to apply for permanent resident after residing in Japan for one year. Under this system, international postgraduate students in Japan have become the largest beneficiaries. Recently, amid China's economic slowdown, the number of Chinese postgraduate students immigrating has gradually increased. Beyond immigration policy, personal and macro-environmental factors also affect the immigration intentions of Chinese postgraduate students. In this case, how the immigration tendency of Chinese postgraduate students in Japan is affected is an urgent issue to be discussed. This study uses a detailed questionnaire and in-depth interviews to investigate immigration intentions of Chinese postgraduate students studying in Japan and factors influencing their decisions. Findings show that on a personal level, factors including “university location,” “marital status,” and “Japanese-Language Proficiency Test level” significantly influence choices. “Whether the university is eligible for bonus points” and “parents' attitudes toward immigration” are highlighted. On a macro level, employment opportunities and income for Chinese in Japan strongly impact decisions. Interviews further reveal that, given China's economic downturn, the “high employment rate of graduates in Japan” attracts more students to immigrate.

抄録全体を表示

This study aims to investigate Iraqi EFL university students' attitudes towards the implementation of a multimodal approach on verbal and non-verbal communication. Additionally, it seeks to explore how these methodologies influence both verbal and non-verbal communication skills among EFL learners. The sample for this research comprises 214 EFL university students, employing a mixed-methods descriptive research design. Quantitative data were gathered using two questionnaire scales focused on verbal and non-verbal communication. Statistical analyses, including one-sample t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients, were conducted to assess the relationship between the variables. In the qualitative component, data were collected from 20 purposefully selected participants through semi-structured focus group interviews. Moreover, findings revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of verbal and non-verbal communication questionnaires and theoretical means. These significant differences were in favour of the verbal and non-verbal communication questionnaires. Also, the results demonstrate a meaningful and statistically significant relationship between verbal and non-verbal communication among EFL students. Besides, findings revealed that the students' interview answers highlighted the significance of psychological, social, engagement, and pedagogical factors in verbal and non-verbal communication for effective teaching and learning, which can enhance student performance through refined teaching methods.

抄録全体を表示

This study targeted active seniors, aiming to clarify the decline in daily living functions due to aging through their narratives and to provide recommendations for early screening for frailty. During the interviews, we used the Kihon Checklist developed in Japan to investigate the deterioration of subjective daily living functions compared to five years ago. These older adults had hobbies, participated in social activities, and lived independently and healthily, but they were aware of their aging through ‹anxiety about falls and ascending/descending stairs›, ‹tooth loss and perception of decline in eating›, and ‹cognitive decline such as forgetfulness›. These declines in daily living functions described in the interview can be regarded as signs of frailty and an increased risk of care dependency. The results of this study suggest that early screening for frailty is necessary to detect declines in daily living functions in active seniors. We recommendations that the Kihon Checklist developed in Japan be implemented in society through the use of digital devices as an early screening method for frailty in active seniors.

抄録全体を表示

Background: The number of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is increasing worldwide. PD affects the activities and social participation of patients, although the relationship between nonmotor symptoms and activities or social participation is not clear. Aims: We determined whether nonmotor symptoms and demographic features are related to the duration of leisure or obligatory activities among homebound people with PD classified as Hoehn and Yahr stage III. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from a company providing a home nursing station and PD-specific commuting rehabilitation service. Thirty selected clients with PD classified as Hoehn and Yahr stage III were interviewed regarding the duration and nature of their obligatory and leisure activities in the last 1 month. Nonmotor symptoms were assessed using the Japanese version of the Movement Disorder Society–Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS–UPDRS) Part I and three other tests. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participants’ demographic characteristics. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between demographic features, including nonmotor symptoms, and the duration of obligatory or leisure activities. Results: The duration of leisure activities showed significant negative correlations with the MDS–UPDRS score (rs = −0.372, p = 0.043), depressive mood (rs = −0.387, p = 0.034), and anxiety (rs = −0.439, p = 0.015). Other factors were not related to the duration of leisure activities. Conclusion: Depressive mood and anxiety might be related to the duration of leisure activities in homebound people with PD classified as Hoehn and Yahr stage III.

抄録全体を表示

This paper, with reference to Isaac Asimov's short story Robot Dreams (1986), aims at discussions predicting the growing probability of non-compliant behaviours in Artificial Intelligence system with disposability, especially in robot culture. With the understanding of day-to-day technological advancements in artificial intelligence systems and its limitations in real life work space, throwback introspection is given to a science fiction that has foreseen, a century ago, to what extent this non-compliance of AI in robot culture with disposability may lead to. This paper is intended to sort out the incidents that take place within the story that can very well deal with how AI in general and robots in particular fight against their own disposability. The fictionally growing impulsion in robots with the evolution of fractal brain from positronic brain in Asimov's Robot Dreams (1986) is more likely to stand against the culture of disposability as a threat to human existence. The key challenge of this paper lies in conceptualising the idea that ‘the more the robots are programmed and trained to serve humans, the more they become humane towards their own self and reluctant to comply with external commands that are confined to validity and use and throw nature which will eventually lead them to fight for their own existence’. The paper's novelty lies in arguing that this ‘non-compliance’ of AI with disposability must be seen not as a technological limitation but as an unavoidable stage in the evolutionary cycle of AI that insists on the approaching of Asimov's ‘foundation era’.

抄録全体を表示

Despite ongoing challenges to feminism and unachieved gender equality, the concept of ‘femvertising’ has emerged, shedding light on empowerment portrayed in advertisements. Unfortunately, these ads often depict women in awkward and clumsy situations. Such representations force women into predefined roles, fostering insecurity and diminishing self-confidence. This study aims to analyze extensively the conceptual framework of technology-facilitated gender-based violence (TFGBV) through the intersections of embodying sexuality, physical motives, psychological aspects, and femvertising in the digital sphere. Utilizing content analysis as the methodology of the study investigates the intersections of technology-facilitated gender-based violence further divided into two sectors domestic violence and intimate partner violence. The study conducted a thematic analysis with the selected advertisements as samples. The results were validated from MAXQDA 2022 software under the four parameters. Comparing advertisements spanning from 2012 to 2022, the research explores the depiction of women's status, Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual violence against women, the messaging choices, and the portrayal of models or characters in the ads. The intersections are considered for thematic analysis and overview results were observed from MAXQDA 2022. The study's findings emphasize the need to move beyond the analysis of individual advertisements. By addressing the four parameters—sexuality, physical motives, psychological aspects, and femvertising with its sub-themes—this research underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to inform strategies aimed at mitigating violence against women and alleviating their experiences of fear.

抄録全体を表示

This study examines the legal framework for wiretapping in Indonesia, focusing on the inherent conflicts between law enforcement demands and individual privacy rights. The aim is to analyze existing laws, such as the CPC and ITE laws, in the context of international human rights norms, with a focus on the right to privacy. The study, which uses a normative legal investigation methodology, compares the interception laws of various other jurisdictions and examines primary and secondary legal publications in depth. The results show significant legal ambiguity and inconsistent enforcement of wiretapping laws, highlighting the lack of coherent regulatory frameworks. As current oversight procedures often lack accountability and transparency, law enforcement officers are more likely to abuse their power. The study provides comprehensive recommendations for legal reform to address these issues, arguing for strict judicial oversight, open reporting procedures and clearly defined limitations on wiretapping. According to the study, Indonesia's wiretapping laws must be in line with international human rights standards to prevent unjustified violations of people's right to privacy in the name of public safety. With a view to developing a fairer and more balanced interception framework in Indonesia, this study complements the ongoing debate on privacy rights and law enforcement in the legal context, highlighting the links between the problems identified and the solutions that work.

抄録全体を表示

This paper aims to examine and analyse the differences between the roles of children in peer violence concerning moral disengagement and social self-efficacy. The study included 715 seventh and eighth grade primary school adolescents in the Republic of Croatia. Adapted Participant Role Questionnaire (PRQ), Adapted Scale of Moral Disengagement regarding School Bullying and Social Self-Efficacy Scale were used for the purposes of this study. Based on the findings of the Mann-Whitney U test, it was found that there are statistically significant differences between the role of defenders in relation to the roles of bullies, victims and bystanders. In fact, the role of defenders has a higher social self-efficacy compared to the above three roles. With respect to the mechanisms of moral disengagement, it has been established that the roles of bullies, active assistants and reinforcers use the above mechanisms more frequently compared to the defenders. Another interesting finding is that the roles of victims and bystanders use the mechanisms of moral disengagement more frequently compared to the defenders. The statistically significant difference in the use of the mechanisms of moral disengagement was also found between the roles of bullies and bystanders, whereby children in the role of bullies use the mechanisms of cognitive restructuring and minimising agency more frequently compared to the bystanders. It derives that the lack of social self-efficacy and a tendency to moral disengagement leaves short-term and long-term consequences on the health, and physical and emotional well-being of all participants in peer violence.

抄録全体を表示

Prosocial behaviors, like empathy and sharing, are vital for social interaction. Preschool children with ADHD often struggle in these areas, impacting community engagement. Identifying factors influencing their prosocial behavior can inform treatments to improve social functioning and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with poor prosocial behavior among preschool children with ADHD. A cross-sectional study was conducted in preschool children with ADHD aged 4-6 between October and December 2023. Parents completed a demographic information form and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Demographic analysis, univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to determine the prevalence and associated factors of impaired prosocial behavior. A total of 80 preschool children with ADHD were included in the study. The prevalence of impaired prosocial behavior at risk or problematic levels was 11.2%. A multivariate linear regression model indicated that emotional problems and peer relationship problems were negatively associated with impairment of prosocial behavior, with β values of −0.450 (95%CI = −0.540, −0.021) and −0.293 (95%CI = −0.428, −0.035), respectively. Additionally, the use of methylphenidate was positively associated with higher prosocial behavioral scores (β = 0.239, 95%CI = 0.149, 1.347). Preschool children with ADHD should be recognized as being at risk for impaired prosocial behavior. Addressing emotional regulation and fostering good peer relationships are essential for appropriate prosocial behavior. Furthermore, taking medication to control ADHD symptoms is positively associated with prosocial behavior.

抄録全体を表示

The Yakult Lady system, established in Japan in 1963, is a unique model that delivers Yakult beverages to households, significantly contributing to public health and women's employment. However, declining numbers of Yakult Ladies necessitate an examination of factors influencing sustainable workstyles within this system. These demographic changes underscore the urgent need for sustainable work practices to boost productivity and maintain social stability in Japan nationwide. Data were collected from 2,070 participants, including Yakult Ladies, Center Managers, and other staff, from three companies in the Yakult Group located in Yamaguchi, Fukuoka, and the Kinki-Chuo regions. The study employed the 143-item “Sustainable Work-styles for Individuals and Team Challenges (SWITCH)” questionnaire, with responses recorded on a 5-point Likert scale. Statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis tests, covariance analyses, and covariance structure analysis using IBM SPSS version 28, were performed to assess occupational differences, years of service characteristics, and sales performance. Occupational analysis revealed that the proactive work attitude of Yakult Ladies significantly influenced the motivation of Center Managers, reducing their fatigue and improving work adjustment. Analysis by years of service indicated that longer tenure was associated with enhanced numerical ability, which appeared to alleviate daily work stress. Furthermore, centers with higher sales per Yakult Lady exhibited a motivational profile marked by lower stubbornness and higher levels of effort, achievement, and social evaluation. This study, the first investigation into sustainable workstyles within the Yakult Lady system, reveals that fostering sustainable employment and mitigating turnover amid Japan's demographic shifts requires new strategies and organizational structures to support long-term work.

抄録全体を表示

This study aims to analyze Seiko Tanabe's Josee, the Tiger and the Fish and its adaptations in three Korean and Japanese films through the lens of transcultural adaptation theory. We critically examine the representation of disabled women from a disability studies perspective. Our analysis seeks to explore and suggest novel directions for their cultural portrayal. The Josee story world has expanded through transcultural adaptations influenced by changes in media, genre, time, language, and space. These adaptations reflect shifts in narrative modes of engagement, particularly in how love contributes to character growth. Furthermore, transcultural adaptations have altered the symbolic meanings associated with the disabled female representation, mirroring advancements in disability recognition and inclusion. Unlike conventional portrayals of women with disabilities, the Josee world depicts them as creative individuals with rich imaginations and as active agents who express sexual desires and assert their right to self-determination. The adaptations also demonstrate progress in disability awareness, recently incorporating aspects of the interdependence model and inclusion. However, despite these advancements, disabled women in the Josee story world are often used as narrative tools to highlight other themes. Additionally, in some instances, disability remains framed within the individual model, which presents it as a challenge to be overcome through personal effort and external assistance. Since media representations of disabled individuals can reinforce prejudice or promote awareness, a more multifaceted approach is needed to ensure their depiction aligns with the interdependence model and fosters genuine inclusion.

抄録全体を表示

Substance abuse is a major issue in Asia, requiring effective intervention tactics based on an appreciation of the need for social support in recovery. This scoping review, using PRISMA-ScR protocols, explored the impact of social support on drug abuse recovery in Asia, recognizing its significant role in reducing relapse rates. We found and included 15 relevant articles published between 2018 and 2023 using PubMed, SAGE, and Taylor & Francis. The studies encompassed quantitative and qualitative approaches from several fields. The analysis highlights the crucial roles of family, peers, the community, and relevant organizations in offering necessary support, accountability, and supervision. These support networks have been found to play an important role in improving treatment outcomes and promoting long-term recovery. Recognizing the importance of social support empowers individuals by providing tools and effective ways for maintaining recovery in the long run; this scoping review offers significant insights into the complex characteristics of social support within the Asian context. Ultimately, it contributes to developing interventions that recognize and capitalize on the effectiveness of supportive relationships in addressing substance addiction.

抄録全体を表示

The multi-faceted benefits of Probation of offenders make it essential for global criminal justice reform. The Justice Mali math Committee (2003) and the Draft National Policy on Criminal Justice (2007) emphasised sentencing guidelines and increased use of Probation to manage prison populations. Similarly, the Supreme Court's ruling in Inhuman Conditions in Prisons (2016) highlighted Probation as a solution for overcrowding. Amid global recognition of Probation's effectiveness and policy recommendations for its wider use, this study examines the utilisation of Probation of offenders in India, particularly in addressing prison overcrowding and crises like COVID-19. This study analyses the Supreme Court and High Court case law rulings regulating adult probation implementation in India under The Probation of Offenders Act (POA). The findings show a novel two-pronged approach, transcending traditional public safety. The new approach prioritises (1) elevating the Probation of Offenders Act over the penal code to mandate Probation in specific cases and (2) expanding judicial discretion to consider mitigating factors and broaden eligibility. While advocating for greater probation access, the study underscores the need for evidence-based strategies and sentencing guidelines to balance public safety. Further, it proposes legal and practical frameworks to enhance Probation's rehabilitation and reintegration outcomes while mitigating potential risks of recidivism through evidence-based supervision.

抄録全体を表示

This review examines research on self-esteem in individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and discusses future directions. The review's findings indicate that self-esteem in individuals with ADHD is inconsistently reported but tends to be lower than in typically developing individuals. Children with ADHD may also exhibit lower self-esteem, particularly in implicit attitudes, with some experiencing a decline as early as school age. Consequently, early intervention to prevent self-esteem decline should begin in elementary school. The results also highlight that the value structure of self-esteem in children with ADHD is unique, featuring self-protective mechanisms such as positive illusory bias, which may differ from those in typically developing children. Despite these insights, research on effective support strategies for individuals with ADHD remains limited. Future studies should focus on expanding our understanding of self-esteem in individuals with ADHD from multiple perspectives and developing tailored support methods that address their specific needs.

抄録全体を表示

The aims of this study were to clarify family caregivers' care experiences by text mining using KH Coder of qualitative studies on the caregiving of older people with dementia at home in Japan and to find point for future research on support to family caregivers for them at home. We examined original papers classified as nursing in Japan, using keywords “dementia,” “family caregiver,” and “qualitative research” on the Ichushi Web and CiNii. We conducted morphological analysis and co-occurrence network analysis using subcategories that indicated family caregivers' care ‹experiences› for them at home, and essential elements had not yet been highly abstracted. In 33 studies, 684 subcategories were extracted, token frequency was 5,168 (2,696 used), and type frequency was 1,108 (955 used). The co-occurrence network consisted of 11 groups. Classifications were: [Experience with dementia care in general], [Experience with social resources], [Experience with consultation], [Experience with changes in living behavior], [Experience of receiving support from surrounding], [Experience of difficulty in accepting dementia symptoms], [Experience of facing health problems of caregivers], [Experiences with peace of mind both person with dementia and their caregivers], [Experience of acquiring knowledge about dementia], [Experience of obtaining dementia care], and [Experience with health issues other than dementia]. Based on the caregiving experiences of family caregivers, there are need for support research that focuses on support tailored to the characteristics and circumstances of family caregivers, considerations when proposing support and services, values and view of life based on caregiving experience, and the effect of health concerns of them on psychological health and the quality of care.

抄録全体を表示

Recently, it is generally said that children with muscular dystrophy (MD) tend to enroll in mainstream schools rather than special needs schools in Japan. However, it is not always clear the actual enrollment status of children with MD. Furthermore, this hasn't been considered enough either, although it is considered that the decline in children with MD in special needs schools is influenced by the total number of children with MD. Therefore, we attempted to clarify what kinds of schools children with MD attend, taking into account changes in the total number of them. Additionally, we aimed to examine issues related to the school enrollment of children with MD. As a result, it was suggested that children with MD enrolled not only in special needs schools but also in mainstream schools, and the number of births of children with MD may not have decreased significantly so far. We estimated that changes in the total number of children with MD may haven't had a significant impact on the decrease in their numbers in special needs schools. Additionally, this survey showed that teachers encounter difficulties in providing educational support for children with MD who face daily experiences of loss. In order to enhance the education for children with MD, it will be necessary not only to adjust the environment, but also to consider the psychological characteristics of children with MD and the appropriate support for them, and to broaden knowledge to schools.

抄録全体を表示