Journal of Bio-Integration
Online ISSN : 2186-2923
Volume 8, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Taka Nakahara
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Prior to the identification of induced pluripotent stem cells, better known as iPS cells, somatic stem cells (tissue stem cells) were considered the most prominent candidates in regenerative medicine. Characteristically, these stem cells can be obtained from the patients themselves, and pose a low risk of tumorigenesis. They are essential for‘ medical safety,’ which has been much talked about, particularly in the recent years. Dental stem cells, which can be obtained from extracted teeth during conventional dental treatments, can be collected from a wide range of patients, from children to adults. These stem cells are well preserved as they are present in the hard teeth. Therefore, efforts are now being made to culture and cryopreserve dental stem cells in a cell banking system for future use in regenerative medicine. In this paper, we provide an overview on the appeal of dental stem cells, which pose low risk of tumorigenesis, as a source of stem cells common to medicine and dentistry and the efforts being made to create a cell bank for future use in regenerative medicine.
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  • Satoshi Sekino, Shinjiro Nishimura, Yoshitaka Kubota, Yukihiro Numabe
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    The aim of the present review was to analyze the efficacy of powered toothbrush on clinical parameter in patients with dental implants. Recently two types of powered toothbrushes are available, namely, oscillating/ rotating powered toothbrush and sonic powered toothbrush. Some controlled studies revealed that oscillating/ rotating electric toothbrush or sonic powered toothbrush was found to be superior to the manual toothbrush in reducing plaque and inflammation around implants. Other studies suggested that comparable efficacy of the powered tooth brushes and manual toothbrushes with regard to plaque and bleeding scores. However, no study demonstrated that effect of powered toothbrushes were inferior to that of manual toothbrushes. Furthermore, any advance events did not report with the use of both type of powered toothbrush. Therefore, powered toothbrushes are recommendable to use in patients with dental implants as alternative to conventional manual toothbrushes. Further studies are required to determine the relative effectiveness of manual and powered toothbrushes in improving the status of patients with dental implants.
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  • Chikahiro Ohkubo
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 13-19
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    An implant overdenture (IOD) with a few implants as an abutment can improve not only the oral function but also the clinical effectiveness for esthetics, cleanability, and changeability as compared to a fixed implant prosthesis. It is possible for elderly patients with declining self-sufficiency to have difficulty caring for their own implants when in their home or the hospital; therefore, a removable denture has to be considered as an alternative to an implant fixed prosthesis. The functions and denture movements of the IOD change remarkably depending on the location, number of implants, direction of implant placement, and attachment selection. Recently, the application of implant assistants has contributed to movement toward an implant removable partial denture (IRPD), leading to increasingly diversified outcomes. This paper outlines reasons to reconsider choosing an IOD, the fundamental approach necessary for IOD success, and ways to maintain and treat complications of IOD and select attachments. Key words: implant overdenture, attachment selection, maintenance, trouble shooting, survival rate
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  • Koichi Imai
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 21-25
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    I suggest a unique new technology for QOL improvement of dental patient. This new pioneering technology must be innovative content. This time, some is not in the medical field, and then propose the following items with the aim of great development of the future of the dental office. 1) An automatic drug injection system that injects drugs into the body from a prosthesis in an emergency, 2) Intraoral prosthesis with tobacco function, 3) Intraoral treatment with phototoxicity-inducing substance, 4) Substitute for the eye using“ Denture Camera”, 5) Information system utilizing cavities in teeth and dentures.
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  • Definition, Diagnosis and Origin
    Motohiro Munakata
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 27-36
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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  • 2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 61-67
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    In recent years, the importance of oral function management corresponding to the life stage is increasing. The reduction of masticatory function due to tooth loss, especially the problem o‘f difficulty in eating’ of edentulous patient is serious. In response to such problems, dental prosthesis treatment (denture prosthesis) is generally responsible for recovery of oral function, especially masticatory function, and it is generally said that dentistry plays a major role among many occupations that are responsible for it. Generally, the restore of the masticatory function of edentulous patients is mainly based on denture prosthetic treatment. Evaluation to know the extent and aspect of functional restoration with denture treatment so far has placed weight on chewing‘ efficiency’ and it was difficult to evaluate masticatory‘ function’. Many methods have been proposed to evaluate oral function subjectively and objectively, however, preparation of special equipment/ instruments and food is necessary, it takes time to evaluation, etc. It is difficult to carry out easily. It is also not suitable for evaluating masticatory function by denture treatment. Furthermore, the complete denture is a removable prosthetic appliance, and it is desired to establish an evaluation method considering the function of the denture from a viewpoint different from the fixed prosthesis. We conducted evaluations of the duration and degree of satisfaction of dentures with an emphasis on‘ assessment of instability’ in dental treatment all at the site of daily practice and evaluation of mastication using test foods to ge‘t stable mastication’. In this article, we integrated the function evaluation method and the masticatory function evaluation method of these dentures and organized it as‘ The Apple Scale’ newly, so we reported about the outline and tried to apply it to evaluate the treatment result of the wearer of the implant overdenture.
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  • Daisei Watanabe, Sho Yamamoto, Ayu Kodaira, Hiroko Hase, Toru Nonami
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 69-73
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Spherical porous hydroxyapatite was synthesized by a wet method using a simulated body fluid. The grain size is about 1 - 5 μm, the center part is dense, but there are plate - like crystals of about 0.1 - 0.5 μm overlapping on the surface, and there is a gap of about 0.4 μm at the maximum therebetween . We evaluated the oil adsorption ability and light reflection properties of spherical porous hydroxyapatite and investigated further possibilities of application as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. When tri (caprylic / capric acid) glyceryl, sugar squalane and oleic acid were investigated, the adsorption amount of fat was almost the same as that of commercially available apatite. It is thought that oils are held mainly in the gaps of plate crystals. Light reflection in the near infrared region is about 60% higher than that of particulate apatite produced by the same manufacturing method, and it can be expected to be applied as biomaterials and cosmetic materials for protecting the skin from near infrared rays. Furthermore, since spherical porous hydroxyapatite can also carry functional particles in gaps or the like of plate crystals, further possibility is suggested as a multifunctional material.
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  • Ichiro Kaneko, Nobuyuki Kaibuchi, Takahiro Kanno, Hiroto Tatsumi, Yuhe ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 75-82
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Purpose: Full thickness oral mucosal defects are common following resection of various oral mucosal lesions such as oral cancerous or precancerous lesions. Our laboratory investigated cell sheet technology to overcome the unmet medical needs. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of tissue-engineered gingival mesenchymal cell sheets for treating palatal full thickness defects in rats. Materials and Methods: Gingival mesenchymal cells were obtained from mandibular attached gingival tissues of EGFP rats and cultured. Cells were cultured using thermo-responsive culture dishes to form cell sheets for transplantation onto palatal full thickness defects (3mm in diameter) of SD rats. Six rats were divided into two groups, a transplant group and a control group. Three animals were used in each group. After the cell sheet was transplanted, macroscopic images of palatal wound were taken until complete wound closure. Wound area was analyzed using Image J software. Results: The cells exhibited colony forming potential and formed calcified nodules when they were cultured in osteoinductive medium. Wound healing was accelerated when the cell sheet was transplanted at 3.3 ± 0.6 days (mean ± SD) postoperation in the test group. In the control group, healing was accelerated at 4.7 ± 0.6 days after the transplantation. The palatal full thickness defects were well-regenerated, and wound healing in the transplant group was completed at day 6.6 ± 0.6. In contrast, wound healing in the control group was completed at day 8.6 ± 1.2. It was statistically significant difference between two groups. Histological examination showed similar wound healing patterns in the two groups. After using H.E. staining, dense hyperplasy of the connective tissue is detected in the transplant group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Gingival mesenchymal cell sheet can be served as a new reconstruction material for palatal full thickness oral defects.
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  • Takahiro Kanno, Shintaro Sukegawa, Masanori Masui, Tsukasa Kishimoto, ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 83-93
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Purpose: Various maxillary sinus floor elevation techniques are used together with augmentation procedures for oral rehabilitation. Dental implants with or without bone substitutes or autologous bone grafting, and applied using the lateral window technique or the transcrestal osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation technique, are used to enhance bone stability for implant installation. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the implant status of patients who had undergone maxillary sinus floor elevation and immediate or delayed implant placement via such techniques, with or without graft materials. Materials and Methods: In total, 398 dental implants placed in 169 maxillary sinuses of 169 patients (106 females, 63 males; mean age, 57.5 years), who were fitted with Astra Tech dental implants, and required maxillary sinus floor elevation, were evaluated in terms of the amount of residual bone remaining following treatment; the residual bone was assessed by elevation technique subgroup. The vertical height of the residual maxillary alveolar bone and the augmented vertical bone height were analyzed using digitalized panoramic radiographs. Clinical and radiological follow-up was carried out over a period of 120 months after functional loading of a fixed prosthesis. The mean follow-up period was 55 months. Results: In total, 277 implants, with a mean residual vertical bone height of 3.72 mm, were installed in 113 maxillary sinuses using the lateral window technique. Of these, 216 implants (mean vertical bone height, 4.87 mm) were installed in 96 sinuses simultaneous with sinus floor elevation using β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) using no graft material or intraoral autologous bone. The remaining 17 sinuses underwent 61 implants (mean vertical bone height, 2.57 mm) according to a delayed installation schedule using βTCP or iliac autologous bone. In 56 sinuses, 121 implants (mean vertical height, 8.60 mm) were installed simultaneous via the transcrestal osteotome-mediated technique with βTCP. Although seven implants failed (three early and four late failures) over a follow-up period of 120 months (mean follow-up, 55 months), the other implants remained stable, with a high survival rate of 98.2%. No elevation technique or graft material subgroup showed any statistical significance, and complications were minimal. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that various maxillary sinus floor elevation techniques for implant installation, with or without graft material, are safe, having low complication rates and yielding predictable results.
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  • Takashi Koike, Hiroto Tatsumi, Aya Yoshino, Katsumi Hideshima, Takaya ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 95-100
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Purpose: Because of its high water capacity and ability to maintain its volume, bacterial cellulose (BC) might be suitable as a sustained-release carrier of BMP-2. This was examined in a rabbit frontal sinus model. Materials and Methods: After moving the bone wall, the sinus membrane was reflected using a mucosal elevator in rabbits. There were three experimental groups: Group A underwent BC grafting only; group B was grafted with BC soaked with BMP-2 (5 μg); and Group C was treated with BMP solution only. Two rabbits in each group were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks and tissues sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and observed under a light microscope. Result: BC retains its 3D structure histologically. Marked new bone formation was observed along the BC only in group B, treated with BC soaked with BMP-2. Conclusion: The sustained release of BMP-2 from BC has positive effects on bone formation, and it might be developed as a carrier to promote clinical bone formation.
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  • Aung Bobothike, Kazuhiro Kon, Wataru Kouzuma, Sawako Kawakami, Shohei ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 101-108
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Introduction: Periosteum plays important roles in bone regeneration. High biocompatibility of titanium coated with hydroxyapatite (HA), favoring the bone regeneration, has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the subperiosteal bone formation on titanium plates coated with or without hydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods: Six Japanese white male rabbits, 20 weeks old, were used. Titanium plates (5 x 5 x 0.5mm) coated with or without HA (1 μm thickness) were prepared with a spattering method. Titanium plates with or without HA were inserted subperiosteally on the right or left side of the calvaria and the tibia, respectively. Four weeks after the surgery, the specimens were examined with a high-resolution microcomputed tomography (CT) imaging system and histologically. Results: On the tibias, more bone formation was observed on the HA-coated titanium plates than the titanium plates without coating whereas there was no significant difference of bone formation between the two titanium plates on the calvaria. Conclusions: Although HA-coated titanium plates favorably stimulated bone formation under the periosteum of the tibia, response of periosteum to HA-coating is different between calvaria and tibia: The periosteum of the tibia has more osteogenic ability than the one of the calvaria.
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  • Sho Yamamoto, Hirofumi Shibata, Soichiro Hata, Katsuki Koyanagi, Toru ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 109-114
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) precipitates on diopside in simulated body fluid. We investigated to remove the phosphate in solution containing phosphate by using this precipitation reaction. By immersing diopside sintered at different temperatures in a 100 μmol/L phosphate solution, it was found that the diopside sintered at 650ºC yielded a removal rate of 91.1% and removed a large amount of phosphate. Surface observation of diopside after the removal of phosphate confirmed the presence of precipitates on the surface. Further, X-ray diffraction analysis of diopside immersed in a 10 mmol/L phosphate solution showed a peak near 32°, which was considered to originate from OCP. This is presumed to be due to the superior OCP precipitation ability by adsorption by surface hydroxyl groups and consumption of phosphate. From the results of this study, it is expected that the synthesized diopside is excellent for phosphate removal and is thus useful as a phosphate-removing material.
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  • Weeraya Tharanon, Takayuki Terukina, Yuji Rin, Yusuke Hattori, Jomjai ...
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 115-121
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Purpose: Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the periodontal supporting tissues of teeth. The aim of this study is development of a new local drug delivery system (LDDS) containing salicylic acid (SA) or metronidazole (MTZ) to apply in a dental intra- pocket for periodontitis treatment. The new dental pocket drug delivery system (DPDDS) can be easily administrated by the periodontitis patient, the oral tissues can be return and maintained to a healthy state, so it is useful as a non-surgical local therapy. Methods: The filaments were prepared by physical mixing of 10 wt% of hydrophilic drug (SA) or hydrophobic drug (MTZ) with different kinds of polymers including Soluplus® (SP), and Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). Then the filaments were fabricated by the hot melt extrusion (HME) method. We obtained a filament with two kinds of shapes in the same weight which are 10 mm length/500 μm diameter and 1.5 mm length/1500 μm diameter. Both SA and MTZ were release from filament in simulated saliva was determined by UV-spectrometer. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for observed the shape and determined the distribution of the drugs on the surface of the filaments. Results: According to in vitro study, the mechanism of drug release which followed Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics model mostly indicated anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. While release kinetic profile which explained the drug release rate was followed Higuchi’s kinetics model. The results shown SP made drugs release faster than HPC. Comparison between short/thick and long/thin filaments containing MTZ showed the short/thick had slower MTZ release than long/thin filament. The SEM images shown some particles of drug distributed thoroughly filament which confirmed a solid dispersion dosage form. Conclusion: These results suggested that filaments of SA and MTZ could be applied for periodontitis treatment using this DPDDS.
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  • Yasuhiro Koshio, Kazuaki Nagayama, Tetsuya Goto, Kazuhide Ozeki
    2018 Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 123-126
    Published: 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2020
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
    Ti implants have been used primarily for current dental implants.However the peri-implant inflammation is a serious ploblem.In order to improve the adhesion between the abutment and the epithelium,Si-containing calcium phosphate thin film containing Si-Ca-P was coated on Ti using sputtering method from a mixture of hydroxyapatite and SiO2 as a target.Then,cell adhesion on the thin film was evaluated.Mouse embryo derived fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) were seeded on Si-containing calcium phosphate thin films.After 48 hours of cell seeding, fluorescence image of cells and the number of attached cells were observed using a microscope. As a result,the number of attached cells on the Si- containing calcium phosphate thin films increased with increasing Si content,and reached a maximum of 46 (cells/frame) on the film with 30% of SiO2 /SiO2 +HA target.Then the number of attached cells decreased to 24 (cells/frame) with the film with 100% of SiO2 target.
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