巻号一覧
17 巻 (1983)
- 2 号 p. 83-
- 1 号 p. 1-
17 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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報文
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早稲田 周, 中井 信之1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 83-91
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of obtaining the most fundamental and important background data to identify the sources of natural waters with various occurences, isotopic compositions of oxygen and hydrogen were measured for meteoric and surface waters taken from Central and Northeast Japan, Okinawa Island, Mt. Fuji area and the Korean Peninsula. Monthly precipitation was also collected at Nagoya, Ontake, Takayama, Kanazawa, and Morioka (May〜December, 1982) and their isotopic compositions were measured. Altitude isotope effect is the most important factor determing the isotopic compositions of surface and meteoric waters in Central and Northeast Japan. In Central and Northeast Japan, average altitude effect for surface water was -0.25‰ per 100 m (δ18O) and -2.0‰ per 100m (δD). In Mt. Fuji area, that for both rain and snow was -0.4‰ per 100 m (δ18D) and -3.0‰ per 100 m (δD). At Happo-One that for snow was -0.3‰ per 100m (δ18O) and -2.5‰ per 100m (δD). The d-parameter (d = δD -8δ18O) of surface waters in Central and Northeast Japan tends to become higher continuously from the Pacific side to the Sea of Japan side, ranging from 9.1 to 22.4. In Okinawa Island, that was 7.3 on the average, ranging from 4.5 to 10.3. In Korea, that was 7.2 on the average, ranging from 4.3 to 10.1. The d-parameter suggests that the meteoric and surface waters in Central and Northeast Japan are dominated by differing contribution of moist air masses formed in two different environments, the Pacific Ocean and the Japan Sea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (825K) -
位地 正年, 鶴見 実, 一国 雅巳1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 93-101
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーBulk percipitation was collected from 69 sampling sites in Nagatsuta, small town with no outstanding industrial activities, and analyzed for Na, K, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Ni by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The metal deposition fluxes were evaluated on the basis of analytical data. The samples collected from forest area were characterized by high values for Na and K. The roadside samples showed high values for most of the elements. At the localities more than 100 meters distant from high- ways, the values for Pb, Cu and Ni remained practically unchanged, thus suggesting that Pb, Cu and Ni originating from roadway traffic precipitate uniformly over the whole town. This study was extended to the southern area of the metropolitan region of Japan. Samples were collected from 43 sites located at a distance of more than 200 meters from heavily traveled highways and apparent sources of metal pollution. The amounts of Pb, Cu and Ni in bulk precipitation can be related to the human activities in the metropolitan region. Those of the analyzed elements were two to five times higher for the thickly inhabited area than for the mountainous area. Even the latter area was found to be polluted by heavy metals of anthropogenic origins. Part of sodium was derived from non-marine sources, so that sodium loses its utility as a reference element for sea spray.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (910K) -
満田 伯, 田中 邦也, 木越 邦彦, 長沢 宏1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 103-108
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーConcentrations of 234U and 238U in the groundwater samples from Musashino-daichi, western Tokyo have been measured by alpha-spectrometry. Observed range of 234U and 238U concentrations were about 0.2-3.5 and 0.3-9.3 dpm/100l, respectively, with the 234U/238U activity ratios of 1.4-5.0 The presence of excess 234U, together with the observed linear correlation with 238U concentrations, indicates both excess 234U and238U have been supplied by source materials which are uniform with respect to the ability of supplying recoilgenic 234U and 238U into the groundwaters. High tritium concentrations in many of the samples (Tanaka, 1983) indicate the groundwater samples were composed of two distinct water components: one with fairly long age of contact with U containing minerals (orders of 1000 yrs or more) and one with fairly short tritium age (less than about 30 yrs).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (605K) -
青柳 隆二1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 109-117
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the identification of tephras by chemical analysis of ferromagnetic fraction contained in them. The samples used for this study were taken from the Late and Middle Pleistocene tephras at the Oiso Hill, 25 km to the east of Hakone Volcano. Ferromagnetic fraction, separated from each sample, was powdered and pro- cessed by hydraulic elutriation until any transparent minerals were not found by microscopic examination. The purity of the obtained fraction was estimated to be 93 to 95% in terms of FeO, Fe2O3 and TiO2 content. The present procedure was unsuccessful in further purification of the ferromagnetic fraction. The TiO2 content of the fraction gives a clue for identifying the tephras, except for two-pyroxene andesitic tephras, originated from Hakone Volcano, which have a uniform TiO2 content of 10 to 12%. Even such tephras can be identified by comparing their TiO2 content with that of adjacent tephras layers, due to a characteristic TiO2 distribution pattern found in the studied tephras (See Fig. 8).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (760K) -
満田 伯1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 119-125
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーUranium contents and 234U/238U activity ratios in modern and fossil marine bivalle molluscan shells were measured by alpha-spectrometry. Uranium contents and 234U/238U activity ratios in modern shells were averaged to be 0.266 (dpm/g), and 1.18, respectivily and those in fossil shells were averaged to be 0.747 (dpm/g), and 1.19, respectivily. Uranium contents in fossil shells were obviously higher than those in modern shells. It can be explained by the addition of uranium to shell during the deposition. In fossil shells, 234U/238U activity ratio decreases as 238U content increases the same tendency is not found in modern shells. The author proposed a mechanism of selective loss of 238U from the fossil shelle for the explanation of this tendency. The hight activity ratio of 234U/238U measured on the fossil shells than that measured on the modern shells, also support the selective loss of 238U from the fossil shells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (645K) -
酒井 幸子, 松葉谷 治, 鈴木 励子1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 127-135
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーThe Hoshio Mineral Spring is characterized by CO2-rich Na•Ca-HCO3•Cl waters. During streaming down of spring water on a slope for about 120 m, pH, and CO2, HCO3-, Ca2+ and Fe2+ concentrations of the water change largely, caused by release of dissolved CO2 and consequent precipitation of ferruginous and calcareous deposits. The changes of the other major components are due to dilution by shallow ground water. The precipitation of CaCO3 starts when the degree of supersaturation reaches 14〜22. It occurs actively at the places where a travertine terrace is forming. Therefore, the precipitation of CaCO3 seems to be controlled not only by the degree of supersaturation but by other factors such as the turbulence of stream. At one of the places where the dilution by ground water occurred, the increases of Ca2+ and HCO3- were observed, and it is estimated that the spring water should be undersaturated with CaCO3, thus resulting in dissolution of CaCO3. Although the degree of supersaturation is 3.3 at that place, the apparent supersaturation may be due to amorphous character of CaCO3 freshly precipitated and/or over estimation of Ca2+ and HCO3- concentrations caused by dissolution of suspended fine CaCO3 particles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (884K) -
一国 雅巳, 鶴見 実, 角谷 博樹1983 年 17 巻 2 号 p. 137-141
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2016/11/23
ジャーナル フリーThe major and minor constituents of silica scale samples collected from different geothermal power stations in Japan were determined by atomic absorption spectro- photometry and neutron activation analysis. These samples are all low in elements characteristic to hydrothermal ore deposits, such as Au, Ag, As and Sb. Some samples are found to be enriched in Rb and Cs, the amount of which is apparently related to Rb and Cs concentrations in geothermal waters^ and also to the Al content of silica scales. The distribution ratio of alkaline metals between silica scale and geothermal waters decreases in the order of Cs, Rb, K, Na and Li.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (444K)
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