1) Theoretical calculation of water vapour permeability. In Introducing the permeability, we have made the following differential equation of diffusion.
∂P/∂t=
K•∂2P/∂X2…………………………1)
from equation (1) _??_………2)
from equation 2) _??_……………3)
assuming _??_
we found _??_
and
K=
QL/(P1-P2)t…………………4)
where,
P…Water vapour pressur in the fabrics,
t…Time in hours,
K…Water vapour permeability of fabrics,
X…Arbitrary thickness of fabrics,
α,
A,
B,
C…Constant,
Q…The rate of evaporation in g/cm
2,
L…Thickness of fabric in cm,
P1,
P2…The vapour pressure of bo h sides of fabric.
2) The method embloyed for permeability measurement is by determining the loss in weight, from time of distilled water contained in a weighing bottle, the top of which is covered with the fabric and sealed round the edges by wire. Conditions of temperature and relative humidity are all controlled. The figure taken as best expressing permeability is the formula 4)
3) The experiments were performed for cotton fabrics, linen fabrics, and wool fabrics.
The correlation between k and apparent density or porosity or thickness, were examined with the following results.
Correlation Coefficients
Cotton fabrics Wool fabrics.
a) For the correlation
between k and apparent -0.421±0.31 -0.198±0.203 density.
b) Between k and porosity. +0.832±0.049 +0.418±0.185
c) Between k and thickness. -0.346±0.141 -0.358±0.186
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