This study reports a cost-effective and scalable strategy for fabricating silver-coated copper (Ag/Cu) powders intended for conductive-textile applications. By optimising pre-treatment, mechanical polishing and electroless silver-plating parameters, the Ag/Cu powders achieved a remarkably low resistivity of 1.8 × 10^-6 Ωm and excellent adhesion to a range of textile substrates. The formulated conductive ink, based on Ag/Cu powders and a flexible resin binder, performed reliably on both natural and synthetic fibres. Wash testing (AATCC 135) showed that the sheet resistance rose from 2.0 Ω sq^-1 to ≈ 3.2 Ω sq^-1―about a 60 % increase―after 30 domestic cycles, yet remained well below the 5 Ω sq^-1 limit typically required for textile sensors, confirming durable conductivity under laundering. These results highlight Ag/Cu-based fibre composites as a practical, lower-cost alternative to silver-only inks for flexible and wearable electronic systems.

While conventional linear semiconducting polymers generally possess terminal groups that lead to spatial and dynamical heterogeneity inappropriate in charge transporting process, it is considered that cyclic oligomers have several advantages as charge transporters due to the well-defined molecular structure without end groups and homogeneous electron distribution in frontier orbitals. Here, we prepared 4-octyltriphenylamine (OTPA)-based cyclic oligomeric mixture (m-COTPA) consisting of 5, 6, and 7-mers and a linear polymeric analogue (POTPA) via a one-pot reaction. Optical analyses revealed that POTPA exhibited slightly red-shifted absorption maximum, broader absorption profile and smaller Stokes shift compared with m-COTPA. Space-charge-limited current measurements demonstrated that m-COTPA exhibited superior hole mobility compared to POTPA. A perovskite solar cell utilizing m-COTPA as hole transporting layer achieved a power conversion efficiency of 10.60%, significantly outperforming POTPA-based device (7.67%). Cyclic oligomers are promising candidates for developing high-performance organic semiconducting materials even without time-consuming isolation into each oligomer.