波紋
Online ISSN : 1884-636X
Print ISSN : 1349-046X
ISSN-L : 1349-046X
最新号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
受賞記事
  • 田中 秀数
    2024 年 34 巻 2 号 p. 38-41
    発行日: 2024/05/10
    公開日: 2025/06/01
    ジャーナル フリー

    The spin dimer system is a quantum magnet in which two S = 1/2 spins form a dimer by strong antiferromagnetic interaction, and weak interdimer interactions couple the dimers. We found a quantum phase transition from a singlet to an ordered state in a spin dimer magnet TlCuCl3 induced by hydrostatic pressure through magnetization measurements and neutron scattering experiments. We verified that the excitation gap closes with increasing pressure. Our observation encouraged the theoretical study, which led to the discovery of the first Higgs mode in condensed matter. We also clarified the structures of magnetic excitations in Ba3CoSb2O9 and Cs2Cu3SnF12, described as S = 1/2 triangular lattice and kagome lattice antiferromagnets, respectively. In both systems, we found that single magnon excitation energies are significantly renormalized downwards and that an intense excitation continuum extends to high energies. These features strongly suggest spinon excitations as an elementary excitation. Combining our results with recent theories, we can deduce that the superposition of the ordered state and the quantum spin liquid state gives the ground states of these systems.

  • Li Xiang
    2024 年 34 巻 2 号 p. 42-45
    発行日: 2024/05/10
    公開日: 2025/06/01
    ジャーナル フリー

    Star polymers are unique polymers that have attracted industrial and scientific interest. I have conducted research on the structural analysis of various soft matter materials using neutrons, X-rays, and light scattering. Among them, I have been fascinated by the physics of star polymers and the corresponding gels. In my research for star polymers, I have revealed the unique osmotic properties of critical polymer clusters and excellent properties as biomaterials. Using contrast-tuned small-angle neutron scattering, I also visualized gel mesh in the partially deuterated star polymer gel network. After all these studies, I successfully developed extremely homogeneous gels based on the bond percolation of star polymers.

  • 根本 文也
    2024 年 34 巻 2 号 p. 46-49
    発行日: 2024/05/10
    公開日: 2025/06/01
    ジャーナル フリー

    The advancement of LCD technology has greatly impacted our daily lives. Liquid crystal molecules exist in an intermediate state between liquid and crystal, and are stabilized by the domain structure of polar and non-polar portions, as well as the polarity of anisotropic molecules. In order to use liquid crystals for displays, they must be uniformly oriented. However, achieving this requires an alignment agent to be applied to the substrate in a clean environment, followed by heat treatment, which increases the number of processes and limits the number of substrates that can be used. Recently, there has been a lot of attention on alignment agents that can induce alignment simply by mixing with the liquid crystal and adsorbing to the substrate. In this study, neutron reflectivity measurements were conducted to investigate the liquid crystal structure and the structure formed by the alignment agent. The results showed that the model alignment agent adsorbs on the substrate to form a monolayer, and that the structure changes from horizontal to vertical with increasing mixing concentration.

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