Interdisciplinary Information Sciences
Online ISSN : 1347-6157
Print ISSN : 1340-9050
ISSN-L : 1340-9050
Volume 1, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
  • Takafumi AOKI, Tatsuo HIGUCHI
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 1-18
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents the concept of multiplex computing as a foundation for next-generation integrated systems free from interconnection problems. Computing with multiplexable information carriers makes it possible to achieve highly parallel processing with reduced interconnections. A unified algebraic framework for set-valued logic, in which a collection of information carriers on a single line is treated as a set valued-signal, is proposed for the systematic synthesis of multiplex-computing circuits. Also, possible approaches to implementations based on multiwave opto-electronics, frequency-mode electronics and bio-electronics are discussed.
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  • Shin-ichi NAKANO, Takao NISHIZEKI
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 19-32
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The edge-coloring problem is one of the fundamental problems on graphs, which often appears in various scheduling problems like the file transfer problem on computer networks. In this paper, we survey old and new results on the classical edge-coloring problem as well as the generalized edge-coloring problems, called the f -coloring and f g -coloring problems. In particular we especially review various upper bounds on the minimum number of colors required to edge-color graphs, and present efficient algorithms to edge-color graphs with a number of colors not exceeding the upper bounds.
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  • Yoshiki OHNO, Hajime URAKAWA
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 33-46
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The eigenvalues of the combinatorial Laplacian of graphs with boundaries and infinite graphs without boundary are studied. For a graph with boundary G =(V ∪∂V,E ∪∂E ), a sharp lower bound of the first eigenvalue λ1(G ) is given provided G satisfies a general condition, the so called non-separation property. For an infinite graph G without boundary, the bottom of the spectrum, i.e., the infimum of the spectrum of the combinatorial Laplacian of G, denoted λ0(G ), is estimated as

    λ0(G ) ≤ ¼ μ(G )2exp(μ(G )),

    where μ(G ) is the exponential growth of G. As a corollary, if G is subexponential, λ0(G )=0. On the contrary,λ0(G ) >0 is shown for a simply connected infinite graph G with degree ≥4 at each vertex.
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  • Gen-ichi OSHIKIRI
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 47-50
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    If the mean curvature function of a codimension-one foliation is close enough to 0, then there is a Riemannian metric so that each leaf is a minimal hypersurface. Isoparametric constants appear as upper bounds for such mean curvature function.
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  • Toshio Sone, Yoichi Suzuki, Kenji Ozawa, Futoshi Asano
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 51-66
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Ian G. Gleadall
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 67-75
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The structure of a specialized portion of the ventral retina of the firefly squid (FSVR) is briefly compared with the ‘normal’ cephalopod retina and with the structurally related rhabdom-based retina of crustaceans. The accumulating evidence fulfilling the conditions required to demonstrate the presence in the FSVR of systems of colour vision (hue discrimination) and polarization sensitivity (e-vector discrimination) is briefly summarized. While some of the necessary conditions for both systems are fulfilled, sufficient proof for the functional existence of either is still lacking (although in Octopus there is sufficient evidence for functional polarization sensitivity). Experience with these systems in other animals suggests that, where a given visual unit (e.g. rhabdom) has photoreceptor cells which differ in both visual pigment wavelength absorption and polarization sensitivity, the information passed on to higher visual processing centres is based on only one of these qualitative parameters, thus avoiding errors in information transfer. An hypothesis is proposed which accounts for the apparently conflicting evidence for the simultaneous presence of both systems in the FSVR. It is argued that sensitivity to polarization patterns is probably the basic parameter for a system of contrast discrimination, which is enhanced by progressive shifts in detector parameters (wavelength of maximum sensitivity and/or directions of maximum sensitivity to the plane of polarization of light) in the deeper lying rhabdoms, optimizing sensitivity with regard to the screening effects of the overlying distal layers. This arrangement may represent an adaptation for maximizing information extraction from the limited quantity of environmental light available in the firefly squids’ deep sea habitat.
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  • Takayoshi Kato
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 77-80
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Four experiments tested a hypothesis that even digits should be cancelled out more rapidly than odd in digit cancelling performance using as subjects of 436 elementary school children, and 449 undergraduates. The dominance of even over odd was observed using materials from both Arabic and Chinese character numeral systems. The effect was also supported in a reaction time experiment. These findings suggest that the processing time of even digits may be different from that of odd in numeral mental operation.
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  • Teruo Asakawa
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 81-91
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, a tough-moved sentence in English is analyzed within the framework of the Dynamic Model of Grammar developed mainly by Kajita (1977, 1986, 1992). It is shown that a tough construction like The book is easy to read is lexically or pragmatically extended from a simple basic predication sentence like The book is easy through syntactico-semantic discrepancy called meaning-concealment and the rule of syntactic realization. It will be argued that this extension hypothesis can account for many idiosyncratic problems concerning tough constructions, for example, (i) control of an empty subject in an embedded clause, (ii) strict semantic restriction in the selection of embedded verbs, and (iii) difference in syntactic behavior between an embedded infinitival clause of a tough-sentence and that of an eager-sentence.
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  • Todd Joseph Miles Holden
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 93-102
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper has two objectives: to outline a theory of standardization in information society and to conduct an empirical test of it. The theory centers on convergence and divergence of specifiable sociocultural elements. The test is based on a common information medium—television commercials—in two post-industrial societies: Japan and the United States. From a pool of over 20,000 CMs, 3059 ads were theoretically sampled (1927 in Japan and 1132 in America). Content analysis revealed that almost one-fourth of all American ads possessed some standardization content. Japanese CMs contained less, yet, standardization was well represented. Overwhelmingly, convergence outdistanced divergence in both countries. Eight key findings have surfaced, which merit further investigation. They are: (1) at the level of society the two nations appeared headed toward greater convergence; (2) at the level of culture diversity is most prominent; (3) At least four types of information penetration were discerned: uni-directional flow, bi-directional third party flow, third party uni-directional flow, and specialized flow; (4) Convergence can be measured in terms of importation and exportation of six information elements: corporation, product, human resources, ideology, lifestyles, and situations; (5) divergence can be measured in terms of five information elements: values, practices, forms of social organization, social problems and common objects; (6) America was found to be non-economic inport-insular (or information inport conservative) and Japan was non-economic import-expansive (or information import liberal); (7) America and Japan were both non-economic, export expansive, but only vis-a-vis specific information elements; (8) Time-space distanciation (or feedback) reveals the relative strength of reproduction of or resistence to information in society and, therefore, serves as an important indicator of the direction of standardization.
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  • Shoichi Noguchi
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 103-108
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The problem of The Tokyo-centric imbalance in development facing Japan towards the 21st century is discussed. In order to attain harmonized development, the most important strategy for Japan is the creation of regional cores and decentralization of the functions of Tokyo. Towards this aim, a Highly Intelligent Information Combine (HIIC) is proposed, to support regional development. By this project, the regions will each evolve into highly developed areas of advanced technology and new culture, while being highly integrated at the national level. The Tohoku Intelligent Cosmos Project is used as an example of the implementation of HIIC.
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  • Se-il MUN
    1994 Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 109-119
    Published: 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: June 11, 2003
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a model for optimal location of office firms in the circumstances that firms can communicate with each other not only face-to-face but also by telecommunications. We derive the conditions for optimal allocation and show that the decentralized market system fails to achieve the optimal location due to the external economies of agglomeration. Properties of the optimal location and the impacts of telecommunication technologies are investigated by means of numerical simulations.
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