This experiment was attempted to investigate the effects of the Heat Tolerance (HT) relating with individual emotionality and of the Stroop Color-Word task on itching. Fifteen high-HT subjects and 14 low-HT subjects were selected by the scores of the Cold and Heat Tolerance Scales (Dienstbier et al., 1987) . Itching was produced by glue made from Japanese yam powder. Yam was applied on the subjects' dorsal forearm. Each subject was exposed to all five of the following conditions: itch stimulus plus the Stroop C-card task, itch plus the A-card task, itch only, the C-card task only, and the A-card task only. The C-card task reduced itch in the low-HT subjects whereas it raised itch in the high-HT subjects. Those results suggest that the high-HT subjects would be the “Sensitizers” and the low-HT subjects would be the “Repressors” when they experience both the physical stressor of itch stimulus and the mental stressor of the Stroop C-card task.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the personality traits associated with stress vulnerability and to explore the interaction between personality traits and three stressful situations, i. e. interpersonal, physical danger, and social evaluation. 414 college students completed Y-G personality inventory as a measure of personality trait, and cognitive appraisal and coping questionnaire as a measure of stress vulnerability. The results revealed that personality traits such as inferiority feeling and thinking extraversion-introversion were associated with cognitive appraisal, and personality traits such as general activity, nervousness and ascendance with coping. However, the fact that the situational differences were remarkable suggested that the interaction between personality traits and stressful situations was important to identify stress vulnerability.

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The diathesis-stress model of depression predicts that depressed individuals tend to demonstrate more depressive reactions than nondepressed individuals when confronted with uncontrollable events. Twenty-two female students were exopsed 80 times to such uncontrollable aversive noises. Then they were tested on 80 controllable test tasks. The results were as fonows: Compared to nondepressed students, depressed students were more helpless, less motivated, and showed lower expectations of future success after the uncontronable noises. Compared to the nondepressed, however, depressed students didn't show any lower level of performance on the test task.
These results were consistent with previous studies, and partially supported the diathesis-stress model of depression. Further research emoplying different methodologies is needed to examine the diatheseis-stress model of depression.

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The purposes of this study were to propose a definition of social support as supportive and helping behavior by significant others, and to indicate the importance of identifying specific relationships between the receiver and the provider of support using the subjects of undergraduate students.
In study 1, a new measure of perceived availavility of social support based on specific relationships (DSSI) was designed, and its factor structure and reliability were examined. The results showed that DSSI contained four factors (emotional support, advice and guidance, practical support, and behavioral interactions) and had good internal consistency.
In study 2, subjects completed DSSI and two measures of psychological distress (depression and loneliness). The main results were that supports from father and mother were negatively correlated with depression, whereas support from same-sex friends were mainly correlated with loneliness. The implications of these findings for the future directions of the study on social support were discussed.

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The present study investigated the relationships between sex role orientation and restrained eating, emotional eating and trait anxiety for 165 normal-weight adolescent females. Sex role orientation was found to be significantly related to not restrained eating or emotional eating but trait anxiety. It showed that 1) masculinity, but not femininity, was negatively associated with trait anxiety, 2) both undifferentiated and traditionally sex typed females scored significantly higher on trait anxiety than did androgynous females. The present results were most supportive of not the congruence model or androgyny model but the masculinity model, and it was suggested that lack of masculinity tend to lead to high trait anxiety and emotional eating.

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