ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of dynapenia, determined by lower limb muscle strength, and sarcopenia with whether participants were subject to long-term care prevention (LCP) in the Japanese long-term care insurance system. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The participants were 108 older adults (78.1±7.1 years, male=20), including 45 older adults who were subject to LCP (82.8±5.4 years, male=6) and 63 healthy older adults (74.7±6.2 years, male=14). Age, sex and comorbidities were collected as basic information. Height, weight, and muscle mass were measured as body composition, and grip strength, lower limb muscle strength, and gait speed were measured as physical functions. Sarcopenia was determined according to the definition of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Dynapenia was determined using lower limb muscle strength. For the statistical analysis, the analysis was divided into two groups according to whether participants were subject to LCP or not. Next, we divided the participants into two groups, sarcopenia and dynapenia, and compared their physical characteristics and classification of LCP. Lastly, we used logistic regression analysis with dynapenia and sarcopenia as independent variables; age and gender as adjustment factors, and whether to undergo LCP as the dependent variable. Results: Dynapenia and sarcopenia were present in 17% and 26% of the participants. As a result of examining the association of dynapenia and sarcopenia with whether participants were subject to LCP or not, only dynapenia was found to be a significantly related factor (odds ratio: 4.6, P value: 0.025). Conclusion: Dynapenia was more closely related to whether participants were subject to LCP or not than sarcopenia.

ABSTRACT Objective: Hospitalization for conditions including cardiovascular diseases,infections, orthopedic diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases is responsible for the decline in activities of daily living (ADLs) in patients on dialysis. Rehabilitation during hospitalization helps these patients recover their physical function, resume ADL, and ultimately resume regular outpatient dialysis. However, the actual physical condition of patients on dialysis who are prescribed and require physical therapy has not been reported. Hence, we elucidated the actual physical condition of outpatients and inpatients on dialysis who were prescribed physical therapy. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, cross-sectional survey included dialysis patients who received hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration and underwent physical therapy. We investigated the following physical functions: knee extensor strength, grip strength, and short physical performance battery. The number of patients with physical function below the reference values was also examined. Moreover, we investigated the patients’ demographic data and blood biochemistry tests. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the survey items. Comparisons were conducted using the chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: Altogether, 116 patients were included in the analysis; 90 were outpatients and 26 were inpatients. Analysis of the demographic data revealed that the inpatients had a significantly higher percentage of concomitant cardiovascular disease, lower extremity arterial disease, and diabetic neuropathy than the outpatients. The percentage of patients whose results were lower than the reference values for knee extender strength, grip strength, and SPPB was greater than 80% in the inpatients and approximately 50% in the outpatients. Conclusion: More than half of the dialysis patients in this study had a poor functional status, which was defined as equivalent levels of frailty and sarcopenia. The physical function of inpatients was particularly low.