BNI-enabled wheat was prototyped through intergeneric crossing with wild wheat, Leymus racemosus, and the introduction of the capacity into a high-yielding variety. Newly developed BNI-enabled wheat showed soil nitrification inhibition and increases ammonium in soil; therefore, nitrogen use efficiency was improved. BNI-enabled wheat showed higher performance in low nitrogen-input conditions, thus the environmental load by nitrogen application could be reduced with maintaining its productivity.

While agriculture, forestry, fisheries and food industries in Japan are facing various challenges such as global warming, an increase in natural disasters, and a decrease in the number of producers, they have great potential to solve the problems facing the world. For example, renewable energy using local resources can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and the latest science and technology can address the goals of SDGs such as food shortages and climate change.

This paper introduces the outline of “the Strategy for Sustainable Food Systems, MeaDRI” formulated as a new policy to enhance productivity potential and sustainability of agriculture, forestry, fisheries and food industiries through innovation and the direction of policies to realize it.

Phosphorus recovery and reutilization are emphasized in Japan which is poor in phosphorus resources. Livestock wastes amounted to 80 million tons per year contain 110 to 190 thousand tons of phosphorus. Recovery methods of phosphorus from livestock wastes are described about compost, incineration ash, and insoluble phosphate salt from wastewater. Average contents of phosphorus as P₂O₅ in composts of dairy cattle, beef cattle, pig, layer, and broiler are 1.8, 2.5, 5.6, 6.2, and 4.2% dry basis, respectively. Phosphorus content in cattle waste compost is higher than the content in pig and poultry. Incineration ash of poultry waste contains around 9% phosphorus. The ash is bought by a fertilizer company. Insoluble phosphate salt (ammonium magnesium phosphate, MAP) is crystallized from aerated wastewater. Phosphorus contents of compost, incineration ash, and MAP are 160, 12, and 10 thousand tons, respectively. They are 172 thousand tons in total and within scope of 110 to 190 thousand tons. Phosphorus recovery and reutilization of livestock wastes will economize consumption of natural phosphorus resources mainly imported from foreign countries and lead to sustainable recycling of resources.