Delayed-response problem was presented with WGTA to 13 Japanese macaques in an attempt to obtain the comparable data to HARLOW's (3, 5). Thirteen subjects were split into the experienced group of four and the naive group of nine. The delay intervals selected were 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 600 sec. These intervals were given not randomly but successively, and the direct method was used. The results obtained were (1) that Japanese macaques performed much better than 80 percent of correct responses except in a very few cases, and their results are far better than that of the other species of monkey and (2) that both groups did not demonstrate any significant differences except for 5, 15 and 30 sec-delay intervals.

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In general, a stimulus to which an organism responds has several aspects. If the organism's behavior would be changed by independent variation or elimination of only one aspect of the stimulus, it is possible to say that the organism attends to that aspect. This controlling relation between a response and a particular aspect of stimulus is called “attention” [cf. SKINNER (6)]. All of those aspects in the stimulus, however, does not necesarily control the organism equally.
Many experimental studies on attention in discrimination learning have been reported. In almost all of them, method of research is to divide the stimulus with some aspects into several physical parameters and to vary each of them independently. But it is supposed that the stimulus brings about different control over the behavior, depending on whether a simple stimulus (in which only a single aspect is included) or a compound stimulus (in which two aspects are included) is presented.
In the present experiment, differences between these two stimulus situations (simple stimulus situation and compound stimulus situation) are studied on the same subjects.
Pigeons were trained to respond to a stimulus that contains two aspects in itself and were tested on attention in extinction trials. In the experiment of REYNOLDS, one single aspect became a cue to discriminate the stimulus. In the present experiment, however, it was found that both of two aspects worked effectively and the irrelevant cue also had a noticeable effect.

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The purposes of the experiment I were to investigate the effects of chlorpromazine on escape and defensive responses and the switch-off behavior (SOB) motivated by hypothalamic stimulation in six tame adult cats. The experiment II was designed to compare the effects of chlorpromazine on SOB motivated by hypothalamic stimulation in the experimental box I with those in the experimental box II for eight tame adult cat. The boxes were so designed to perform SOB in the box I was easier than that in the box II.
Chlorpromazine (5mg/kg) was administrated by a intramuscular injection. In the experiment I, the threshold in voltage of escape and defensive responses and the response latency of SOB in the experimental box II were measured just before the administration of chlorpromazine and 1 hr, 2 hrs, 3 hrs, 4 hrs, and 5 hrs after the administration. In the experiment II, the response latency of SOB in experimental boxes I and II were measured just before the administration of chlorpromazine and 1hr, 2 hrs, 3 hrs, 4hrs, 5 hrs and 24 hrs after the administration.
The results were followings :
1. In the experiment I, it was not observed that the threshold of escape and defensive responses changed by the administration of chlorpromazine (Table 1). The response latency of SOB began to lengthen at about 2 hrs after the administration of chlorpromazine (Fig. 2).
2. In the experiment II, the response latency of SOB in the experimental box II was longer than that of SOB in the experimental box I after the administration of chlorpromazine (Fig. 3). The response latency of SOB began to lengthen at about 2 hrs after the administration of chlorpromazine and continued to lengthen till 5 hrs after the administration (Fig. 3). The latency of SOB at about 24 hrs after the administration of chlorpromazine was as long as before the administration.
3. From these observations, it was considered that the locus of actions of chlorpromazine in the brain was not the hypothalamus, but was the thalamic reticular system and the amygdala which might regulate the emotional responses produced by the hypothalamus.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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