The Brazilian ethnic sports, capoeira is a martial art and dance form created by African slaves in Brazil. In recent years, it has come to be recognized internationally as a symbol of the society, history, and also multicultural society of Brazil. The purpose of this study was to clarify the material contents of capoeira classes for children and to consider the implications of the class structure and key concepts, on the basis of observation of capoeira classes for kindergarteners in Rio de Janeiro.
The results show that experience of varied kinds of movement was a valuable part of the classes with the potential to positively influence the children’s mental and physical growth. The term jogo, meaning “capoeira games,” distills the ethnoscientific worldview of capoeira for small children.
Further, it was revealed that it is important to “emphasize the meaning of the act” within the class structure. In other words, there is a sense that the act itself represents the perfect achievement of the technique. It was also seen that this kind of practice emphasizes the “question and response” than the completion of the actions.
Finally, this study indicated that the jogo concept is actually based on improvisation through semantic generation of “question and response.” In this sense, jogo is considered to be the original cultural essence of capoeira.

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In order to explain the effects of dance therapy, participants of the dance therapy workshop for childcare-worker qualification course were required to check “Mood State Check List” and to name “Color(s)” which is suitable to their own temporal feeling.
As results, in referring to “Mood State Check List”, the moods of fatigue, depression and tension have significantly decreased while moods of relax, serenity or vitality significantly increased. In referring to the “Color(s) Nomination”, uneasiness and loneliness decreased while moods of energy such as brightness, liveliness and passion increased. With both standards, the improvement of the mood in relation with the vulnerability of the adolescence was seen in the participants who had low activity satisfaction. From these, both “Mood State Check List” and the “Color(s) Nomination” were shown to help effect inspection of the dance therapy.

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I conducted semi-structured interviews to the mothers of a dance group established in April 2000 and is still active, the person with intellectual disabilities (n=8) and their mothers (n=8) as its members, to clarify what factors enabled such a long period of activities, how the person with intellectual disabilities and their mothers think of those activities, and what are the effects of those activities to the members. The data collected were converted to transcripts and analyzed using KJ method. As a result, the following points were clarified: 1. Mothers consider the group activities as good opportunities for their children to have communication. 2. Mothers and children with intellectual disabilities enjoy characteristics of dancing together. 3. Children tend to be active in their daily lives on exercise days. 4. Mothers feel it impressive that their children are deeply absorbed into the activities. 5. Mothers are strongly aware of their own changes and connections with friends through the activities and management of the group while finding a motivation or life in dancing. I assume this consequently gave mothers resilience. 6. The fact that the children had intellectual disabilities promoted physical activities of the mothers and children.

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It was examined from self-esteem inventory and their cognition how the college student felt physical exercise. The subject was a college student of 48 people.
Gymnastics was 6 teaching materials. They were Body disentangles, stretching, Physical workouts, rhythmic exercises, ball exercises, and calisthenics.
As a result, the degree of self-esteem was high and caught the characteristic of teaching materials exactly. Also, Hoping that they want to guide physical exercise was shown.

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In this study, I practiced and considered traditional games as teaching materials of childhood physical education for students of a Professional Training College of child care worker and got the students learned that in groups. Ninety four members of a first year students learned traditional games in groups and then they tried to teach traditional games each other. Finally, they experienced traditional games with 22 children of the senior class of neighboring nursery school and 23 pupils of senior class of attached kindergarten in the Tanabata Festival that is an event inviting them. This report discusses students learning through practical studies of traditional games. In this study, observations of students learning and questionnaires on students’ impressions about traditional games before and after learning them were analyzed. The analysis indicated that the students discovered the value and the pleasure of traditional games, and were having a strong desire to practice traditional games. Students realized the following worth of traditional games.
1) Pleasure of playing all together and in large group
2) Physical contact, a sense of unity ,and enjoyment

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The National Survey of Physical Fitness, Athletic Performance and Exercise Habits carried out in 2008 with all primary and junior high schools revealed a substantial decline in the physical strength of children from 1985. According to the Survey, particularly the female students doing exercise for 30 minutes a week apart from the gym classes in schools are 80,000 of 5^th graders in primary schools, and 12,000 of the 2^nd graders in junior high schools. It indicates that female students’ involvement in exercise is far less than the males’ because the level of the formers’ participation in athletic clubs is lower. The Surveys of the recent 5 years show the same tendency.
On the other hand, the number of participants in the Physical Education Research Conference (Dance Recital) hosted by the Japan Association of Physical Education for Women has grown five times over the past 15 years since 1996, which suggests that the number of dance club members is on the increase. However, until now not enough fact-finding surveys and research have been conducted.
Our research, therefore, collected and analyzed the basic data about dance clubs, thereby demonstrating that the number of dance club members is definitely on the rise. We also carried out a questionnaire survey of students and their advisory staffs which are planning to join the Dance Recital, in order to clarify the actual state of their activities.
As a result, it turned out that the number of dance club members is increasing. Despite the increase, however, our research also showed that the schools do have problems concerning the preparation to receive club members. In short, educational systems and facilities proportionate to the increasing number of members still need to be improved.

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