The purpose of this study was to examine emotions and conditions of depression person before and after their attempted suicide. Participants were 11 people with depression or bipolar disorder were hospitalized due to their attempted suicide. Unstructured interviews based on narrative approach were conducted, and qualitative method was used to analyze. As a result, six categories; "suicidal ideation that always exist," "strong sense of loneliness," "endurance over family for long years," "valueless self," "despair to life," and "impulse of suicide" were extracted as emotions and conditions they had before their suicide attempt. There were eight categories extracted as emotions and conditions they had after their suicide attempt, and they were "obsession with death," "affirmation of suicide," "real intention hidden to the medical professions," "continuation of depression," "sense of alienation from the family," "anxiety of future that cannot be seen," "mitigation of suicidal ideation," and "sprouting desire to live again." Participants had a "obsession with death" and "affirmation of suicide" after their attempted suicide. This revealed the possibility that if subjects lived under the same environment as that of before their suicide attempt, they could easily increase their suicide ideation. These results suggest that for those who make a suicide attempt, a comprehensive support by multidisciplinary professions is required.

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The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes of psychiatric nurses towards the intentions of schizophrenics under long-term hospitalization regarding their post-discharge living arrangements, and to generate related concepts and categories. Data obtained from semi-structured interviews were analyzed based on the modified grounded theory approach. Of the categories generated, I focus herein on 'barriers to discharge planning.' The present findings suggest the importance of introducing supplementary training for psychiatric nurses and providing support to enable development of specialized skills in order to break-down the barriers to discharge planning. Development of organizational and moral education systems are also required to facilitate decision making by psychiatric nurses when experiencing conflict. The need for a training system regarding nursing aspects such as family-oriented support and psychological support in the form of guaranteed, effective involvement of psychiatric nurses, as well as educational promotion of social and regional resources for psychiatric nurse were also indicated.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to gain a multidimensional understanding of patients' cognitive awareness of auditory hallucinations and how those hallucinations affect them using an interview manual based on cognitive therapy theories. Methods: We interviewed four patients (48.3±9.9years; 2 males, 2females) hospitalized in the acute ward for schizophrenia and examined data concerning the situation, content, and cognitive awareness of hallucinations, their emotional, physical, and behavioral impact, and the subjects' coping methods. Results and Observations: Through analysis of the data, we were able to identify the cognition of being dominated by hallucinations, the cognition that auditory hallucinations were real, and healthy cognition. In addition, it was also possible to determine the conditions under which auditory hallucinations occurred as a consecutive process and the effect of hallucinations on the subjects' emotional, physical, and behavioral state. The results indicate that using the interview manual to interview patients can help nurses and patients to share information about auditory hallucinations and thereby facilitate individualized nursing care. Using the interview manual also makes it possible to determine the effectiveness of, or problems with, coping methods and to obtain important information for effective nursing care.

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Psycho-education has an important role for schizophrenic patients to improve their care seeking behavior and insight into illness. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of individual psychoeducational intervention. I conducted an individual psycho-education (1 series including 5 sessions) for six schizophrenic inpatients in psychiatric acute care unit and qualitative analysis the contents of semistructured interview. As a result, 524 cords, 137 sub-categories, 18 categories were extracted. At first, the patients who received psycho-education showed an interest about immediate symptoms. But as session passes they took coping with symptoms and began to be able to image of the life putting into a vision for the discharge. In addition, they make a change their thoughts against symptoms. Overall, it was suggested that adopting individual psycho-education to nursing approach would be available for patients, and it may change their admission experience meaningfully.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of nursing intervention implemented in pregnancy and postpartum to prevent postpartum depression. We conducted an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey involving 91 facilities with the Department of Obstetrics in a certain prefecture. Items investigated included: description of the facilities surveyed, understanding of the incidence of postpartum depression, and approaches taken to prevent postpartum depression during pregnancy and the puerperium. The survey results showed that nursing intervention to prevent postpartum depression has not yet been widely and actively implemented across the facilities surveyed. However, in some facilities adopting preventive approaches starting from pregnancy, the contents of such an approach were proactively developed. Furthermore, those providing discharge instructions to prevent postpartum depression developed detailed guidance. In fact, there was a gap among the facilities surveyed in terms of nursing intervention for the prevention of postpartum depression. Based on these findings, it is considered necessary to urge facilities to design and implement nursing intervention to prevent postpartum depression. It is important to establish support systems to facilitate the implementation of nursing intervention starting in pregnancy and postpartum.

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This study examined the effects of a psychoeducation program focused on the self-management of symptoms which was carried out to improve self-efficacy for coping behavior of people in an acute phase of schizophrenia. Seventeen schizophrenia patients entered the program consisting of 4 sessions for 2 weeks. During the session, the patients were provided with information about the self-management of symptoms such as early warning signs and stress coping, and some time was given to them to discuss their own experiences and ideas with one another. Before and after the program, we used the Self-Efficacy for Community Life scale (SECL) to measure the differences in their self-efficacy and we also used the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to measure the change in their clinical symptoms. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the analysis. The result showed that although no significant improvement in self-efficacy for coping behavior for symptoms was observed, a significant improvement in the total scores of SECL and clinical symptoms was obtained (p<.05). In addition to acquiring the information which they needed, the verbal interaction with others could have helped them feel they could do something and this successful experience may have led to the alleviation of anxiety, and then to the improvement in self-efficacy. Therefore, the study suggested that the program was useful as a technique aimed to improve the self-efficacy of patients with schizophrenia.

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