In order to verify the formulation process and effects of a timeline against earthquake and tsunami disaster, this paper has conducted an action research for procedure of "Hyogo Prefectural Response Plan (2015)". This plan is assembled based on the records of the past disaster response. This plan consists of ten category and nine phases, and considering that the gathering rate of staff varies with time, there are two types. The panoramic view and tables showing the role of each department at each phase are combined in this plan. In the process of formulating this plan, veteran tacit knowledge was accumulated as explicit intelligence. Training proved that timelines are effective not only for aggressive information acquisition but also for information triage.

In the future catastrophes such as Nankai Trough Earthquakes and Tokyo Inland Earthquake, the reception of foreign medical teams are considered to be an option. The transportation of the heavy and large units of equipment for establishing field clinics and field hospitals is the challenge in the reception of foreign medical teams. In the recent responses to catastrophic disasters, many reports pointed out the difficulties in transporting the medical relief equipment. One of the difficulties is the proper information collection and the information sharing among the logistics stakeholders. Therefore, this study aims to propose the logistics checklist for the transportation of the foreign medical relief equipment. The review of the past deployments of the Red Cross was conducted. This study categorized the transportation into the six phases and identified 46 logistics points to be assessed. To verify the logistics assessment points, a questionnaire survey was conducted to the staff of a private logistics service provider. The survey evaluated the 46 logistics points on a scale of one to four. 44 logistics points were recognized as important or extremely important. In catastrophes, the information collection and sharing by the logistics checklist is considered to be effective in the transportation of the foreign medical relief equipment during catastrophes.

In this study, we surveyed the evacuation intention of the residents living in the eastern lowlands of the Tokyo metropolitan area in case of large-scale flood. This survey is aimed at examining evacuation countermeasures during large-scale flood in big cities by investigating the reaction of the residents when inducing the long-distance evacuation.

The results of this survey are as follows: (a) Only half of those who intend to evacuate at the time of large-scale flood. However, less than half of those who are aware of the risk of large-scale flood and the necessity of long-distance evacuation. Therefore, there is a possibility that the number of people who have intention to evacuate may increase by giving appropriate information. (b) About half of the respondents have personal evacuation sites far from home. (c) Approximately 70% of people intend to accept evacuation at home, on the premise that the duration of submersion is less than 3 days. (d) Elderly people and persons with disabilities are difficult to move and stay in evacuation places, so special measures are necessary. On the other hand, households with infants and children have a possibility of proactive long-distance evacuation. (e) To promote long-distance evacuation, it is required to designate the evacuation destination, and to eliminate anxiety about departing from home and taking a rest from the company or school.

The sediment disaster with 39 dead and missing people occurred in Izu Oshima Island on October 16, 2013. due to a record rainfall accompanied by Typhoon No. 26. Oshima Town has improved warning evacuation system against sediment disasters triggered by this case. The main improvements are formulation of evacuation information issuance following Landslide Alert Information and the localization of the area to be evacuated based on Real-time Landslide Risk Map. In addition, Oshima Town has provided education and awareness-raising efforts to residents on the prevention of sediment disasters. While such improvements are being promoted, Oshima Town issued an evacuation advisory six times against heavy rain in the three years after the sediment disaster in 2013. However, the evacuation rate was 40% immediately after the sediment disaster in 2013, but it decreased to about 5% after half a year.

According to the questionnaire and interview survey conducted in the three years after the sediment disaster in 2013, the reasons for the low evacuation rate are that; evacuation calls resulted in false alarm, the environment of evacuation centers was poor, crisis awareness reduced as time passes and elderly people had difficulty in evacuation. Therefore, improvements on these will lead to an increase in the evacuation rate. It is feasible to improve environment of evacuation centers and support elderly people, though cost issue remains. On the other hand, the adequacy of evacuation advisory depends on the accuracy of Landslide Alert Information and so the accuracy improvement is required.

During disaster, it is necessary to recommend evacuation to the appropriate time and area. The government urges municipalities to strengthen disaster response by formulating manuals on evacuation recommendations and pre-action plans called “timeline”. However, most of the information indicating disaster risks covers a wide range, and there are many problems such as difficulties to understand in detail the area where the risk level is rising.

As a method to solve these problems, we think that the counting of the number of telephone report for each area accepted by municipality can be utilized. In a report verifying response to heavy rain disasters, telephone report from residents is often pointed out as one factor that inhibits disaster response. However, if it is impossible to suppress increasing telephone report from residents during disaster, in order to strengthen disaster response, it is important not only to take measures against the negative characteristics of telephone report but also to actively utilize as a disaster prevention information. For this purpose, analysis in other cases is required.

In this research, we investigated the relationship between the precipitation, the number of telephone report from residents, and the number of damage during heavy rainfall disaster occurred at Hiroshima City in August 2014, based on the previous study at Tajimi City, Gifu Prefecture.

As a result, the precipitation, the number of telephone report, and the number of damage occurred during this disaster had a certain relationship, which was the same trend as in previous study. In addition, it was shown that the time when the number of telephone report increased was just before many human damages occurred.

From these facts, it is suggested that the method of counting the number of telephone report for each area contributes to understanding the risk of heavy rainfall disasters.

Along the Nankai Trough, M8 class earthquakes may occur consecutively. Among these two earthquakes, the earthquake occurring on the east side is called the Wide Tokai earthquake(WT), west side earthquake is called the Nankai earthquake(N) in this paper. This study was conducted to clarify the period during which the crude oil processing capacity is insufficient when the N occurs at an arbitrary time difference after the occurrence of the WT. After WT occurred, the reduced crude oil processing capacity was estimated during the period up to 365th day of N occurrence. In the case where the number of days when crude oil processing capacity is insufficient is the largest, N occurred on the 60th day after WT occurrence. In addition, it became clear that the case where the final day when crude oil processing capacity is insufficient becomes the latest will always be the day before the final day of the estimation period.

Timeline disaster prevention action plan (Timeline) regulates time-series actions of stakeholders. Heretofore, residents didn't join to this plan and the participation method hasn't been considered enough. However, the more this plan is spreading to society, the more residents are beginning to join in some areas.

In this study, we showed the situation of the Timeline on residents' participation and check residents' awareness about time-series disaster prevention action through the trials of “Disaster Reduction Timeline in Daily Life”.

In the first trial, most of the participants showed the increase of previous disaster awareness, but about 52% didn't show the change of the timing. The second trial showed the Disaster Reduction Timeline in Daily Life can advance the earlier previous-action and create the custom they are conscious of the Timeline in daily life.

A smartphone has become one of the most popular communication tools and are spreading increasingly. Since it enabled on-site damage report attached with photographs and location information. There is no doubt that a smartphone is effective to disaster response operations from the viewpoint of information sharing. However, I have never seen any demonstration that certificates the effectiveness of a smartphone on disaster response operations. Therefore, the verification of the effect of on-site damage report using smartphones on the efficiency in disaster response operations is issued in this paper. Two cases of on-site report experiments; river inspection during flooding and damage inspection right after an earthquake occurrence, are carried out. Then, in the case of river inspection experiment, it was revealed that on-site reports can be completed within 2 minutes, and that they are also useful for multi-organizational information sharing put in practice by the provision of seamless GIS information. In the case of earthquake damage inspection experiment, on the other hand, it was revealed that both the time and the number of activities in disaster response operation can be reduced.

It is important to share lessons learned from disasters for preparedness and effective response in a disaster. This paper aims to evaluate two web database systems to share lessons learned from experiences of the disasters with traffic analysis and monitor survey. The former database system “3.11 Lessons Learned Web Database System” archives and publishes lessons submitted by experts of disaster science. The latter database system “Earthquake Disaster Literature Web Database System” registers lessons based on conclusion described in papers and report related the 2011 event and past earthquake disasters. The results are as follows. 1) Each database system received 200-500 hits a day. 2) Almost monitors of “3.11 Lessons Learned Web Database System” answered good mark on questionnaire items of interest and understandability. 3) Users can easily search with recommended category keywords and disaster event names controlled vocabulary. 4) Between two database systems are established a mutually complementary in point of quantitatively and qualitatively. 5) However, few monitors answered negative evaluation at text representation and web page layout.

It is becoming increasingly important for local governments to establish a system for the support of individuals needing help in evacuation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the current developments and issues of the system after the enforcement of the new Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act, based on the survey results. The data was obtained from approximately 400 local government offices nationwide in the form of a questionnaire. The Act was revised in 2013 and new guidelines were given by the Cabinet Office. Survey contents were prepared based on this guideline and analyzed for each process.

Based on the results, issues as well as some effective measures have been observed in the process of grasping people in absolute need of help. Also problems in the following areas have been identified; information control, measures to improve mutual help, measures to secure the safety of supporters in evacuation, and how to deal with those who haven't given a consent. The new Act and guidelines do not elaborate on these issues and therefore each office is required to draft plans for these issues to effectively advance the system. Local governments are responsible not only for making the list but also for making the framework for community-based self and mutual support in normal times, which is considered to be the fundamental goal of this whole project.