In this paper, we develop a baby buggy with new functions which improve road safety. For the development, we decide the concept of policy based on questionnaire survey for users. The questionnaire survey was carried out around the shopping mall close to Minami-Senju station in Arakawa-ku, Tokyo-Metropolitan. The survey point has some characteristics e.g., there is a large number of the vehicle traffic; there is a road connected with train stations; the baby buggy come and go with bicycles on a walkway, and so on. As the result of survey, we can found expectations for improvements of “the single-hand operation” which include a function of single-hand open/fold and straightforward progress. If the single-hand operation is possible, the user is possible to hold children in another hand. In same time, it is expected that the improvement of usability make user available to attend on children for road safety. Then, we developed new functions based on a buggy in the market. Those are the function of single-hand folding, the function of improved straightforward progress and the function of new self-standing. The first, we install a kick-bar. By this development, the single-hand folding is remarkably improved. Also, the kick-bar work as the leg of the self-standing when the buggy is folded. The second, we develop a function of handle-revolution. By this function, straightforward progress will be improved due to tentative combination of handles.

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Becoming hypoglycemic while driving is a hazardous condition and may lead to fatal accidents. We investigated cases of traffic accidents caused by diabetic hypoglycemic coma, and examined the diabetic drivers’ duty of care. Furthermore, we examined the necessary measures to prevent accidents for healthcare providers and the society. We study eight cases from 1996 to 2009. Three of the drivers are professionals, two are office workers, two are housewives, and one is a priest. Seven lives were lost, and sixteen people were injured in eight accidents. Three defendants pleaded not guilty in a criminal court because of loss of consciousness. Six of the eight cases are known for their judgments. All the drivers were found to be guilty. Diabetic drivers must perform their duty of care, which is to discontinue driving when experiencing early symptoms of hypoglycemia and to not drive when in poor health. Even if pleading illness, they cannot evade their criminal liability. The preventive capacity for traffic accidents can be improved by building up the strength of inspection and providing guidance to the administration. In addition, it is necessary that healthcare providers consult with diabetic people about hypoglycemia when driving.

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In Hokkaido, Doctor Helicopter was started in May 2006 and three helicopters were at work now. Hokkaido Air Medical Network （HAMN） for the purpose of enhancing health care systems in remote or local area was established with fixed wing flight in 2010. One-month operation of fixed wing flight was performed last September with success. Sixteen cases were carried including nine emergency patients, four-transport organ and three doctors for medical work. Based on the results of fixed-wing flight, Hokkaido government was admitted to operate fixed wing mission in the Hokkaido regenerative medical plan. Fixed-wing named “Medical Wings” will be operated three years from 2011 in co-operation with helicopters and ambulance.

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To figure out characteristic situations of accidents involving vehicles and pedestrians is necessary to drastically decrease the fatalities. Near-miss data can be available by driving recorders which are installed in passenger cars and can capture large amount of data and compile them from the database. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the utility of near-miss situations for understanding the features of the contact situations between cars and pedestrians. Traffic accidents occur in situations which result in a relative contact or independent contact with a vehicle, pedestrian, bicycle or motor cycle in real-world traffic circumstances. A near-miss accident is an incident which does not result in the accident in spite of an extremely severe situation involving a driver, pedestrian, cyclist or motor rider. In this study, the accident data involving pedestrians comes from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis in Japan. The near-miss incident data is based on Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan（J-SAE）near-miss data base. In the present study, we investigated the similarities between the data of near-miss incidents including motion pictures captured by drive recorders and the data of national traffic accidents based on real-world pedestrian accidents in Japan. The results indicated that the cumulative traveling speed of a car in near-miss incidents were similar to the one in serious accident situations. The results also revealed that 70% of pedestrians at intersections or on basic roads were crossing the roads in front of the forward moving cars. Considering these results, the features of the pedestrians’ postures and car traveling speeds were similar to each other in accidents and in near-miss incidents. It was clarified that we could estimate the pedestrian accident situations from the near-miss incident data which include motion pictures with pedestrian postures. In the future, we expect that the safety countermeasure will be implemented by utilizing these basic data and protection performances for accidents involving pedestrians will be improved.

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