Forces in traffic accident that may contribute to traumatic brain injury（TBI）include linear acceleration and angular, rotational forces which cause mainly frontal and temporal lobe damages. It can result in physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. The social impact of TBI following traffic accident is considered enormous for the following reasons: 1）The average age of TBI victims is rather young; 2）TBI victims have cognitive and psychosocial problems, in addition to physical disabilities which greatly complicates the rehabilitation process and the victims’ return to society. In spite of high prevalence rate of deficits in severe cases, long-term functional improvement is likely to occur in TBI patients. Greater gains, both physical and cognitive function, are made through long-term support from comprehensive medical and social rehabilitation professionals.

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After encountering traffic accidents, one should be cautious of avoiding similar accidents. Traffic accidents occur in many ways, with similar accidents being encountered much less frequently. In order to prevent traffic accidents, three kinds of analyses are carried out:（i）crash analysis on vehicle movements, （ii）qualitative transient post analysis to study the human factors, and（iii）statistical analysis on whole traffic accidents. Generally, during an accident, it is not clear on how the vehicle shifts from a moving to stationary state. To make the vehicle dynamics evident, a crash analysis is performed. The main cause of accidents can be related to human behavior, which is influenced by the environment and development of events. As the cause of the accident can be related to aspects such as human factors, vehicles, and environment, a variation tree analysis is applied as a qualitative transient post analysis. To prevent traffic accidents in a country, a statistical analysis is carried out on the categorized accident to make its characteristics and causal factors evident. Statistical graphs such as transition curve, distribution ratio, cumulative curve, and relative risk analysis are used for setting goals, and regression analysis is used to reveal the factors leading to traffic accidents. In order to minimize injuries and prevent accidents, a scientific analysis is indispensable. Continuous efforts should be made to improve the reliability of the crash and qualitative transient post analyses. Furthermore, new statistical analysis methods, including economic scales, should be developed.

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It is important to control the growth of fatigue cracks for a long time. These cracks are usually occurred from the stress concentration at the corner and the heat stress area by the welding heat and so on. And these are growing due to the vibration. When a crack length reaches the limit, it is called an unstable fracture state. Then, it cannot be controlled. The aims of this study are to clarify the stress analysis of fatigue crack tip, to relax the stress of fatigue crack tip, and to expand the remaining life based on the theory of elasticity and we calculate to predict the growth of fatigue crack using J-integral. The results of the experiments show that it is possible to relax the stress concentrated near the fatigue crack tip by generating the force using piezoelectric actuator. Furthermore, it was possible to expand the remaining life of steel materials under the cyclic loading.

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The purpose of this study is to know estimation of the number of the license holder of the elderly person and the change of the driving awareness by the age. The license possession rates increase while elderly person population 65 years or older decreases, and, as a result, the number of the old license holder continues increasing for the next from 25 years to 30 years. The accident by the old vehicle driver is repeated, but the switch to other transportation is not easy. In contrast, various kinds of enlightenment activity is tried, but it should have the most effective age. For example, the elderly person driving is not yet conscious of with the problem of own in the youth. On the other hand, I become old and am after and am already the person concerned, and it is difficult to change a driving action from before without a big turning point. I assumed that there was the age of the change and estimated the age from an attitude survey between these two age in the study. The study contents are two points in response to the purpose of the study. One estimates it in the future of the number of the old license holder 65 years or older and is an estimate of the change age of the driving continuation consciousness of the old vehicle driver one more. It is the increase of the traffic accident by the advanced age vehicle driver that it will become a problem as for the motive of the estimate these days in the future of the number of the former advanced age vehicle drivers. A future value of the number of the license holder of the elderly person was a license possession rate of the elderly person population×（B） future of the （A） future here, but used the estimate that national social security Inst. of Population Problems announced about the elderly person population every five years in the （A） future. In addition, the license possession rate of the （B） future quoted the numerical value of a published road safety white paper （Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications） every year. As a result, I understood that the number of the old vehicle drivers of the woman grew it current 55％ in 2043.About the latter, the change age of the driving continuation awareness of the old vehicle driver, I estimated it than the attitude survey that I performed in Mogimachi, Tochigi in December, 2015. I performed the investigation by the distribution collection by the mailing method and obtained an answer from 300 people. A recovery is 15％. The investigation contents asked about driving awareness, the future driving possibility age with the grasp of the everyday driving action （the trip head, driving speed, driving consciousness others） with the car. In addition, about the license return person, I got an answer to the reason, use transportation after the return. We understood that future driving possibility age changed in the age of 65 years old-69 years old than this.

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Though the number of traffic fatalities is decreasing as years, due to the decreasing pace is slowing down, a wider and advanced traffic accident analysis is considered necessary. Shiga Prefectural Police have constructed and operated a visual multi layers traffic accident analysis system to analyze the relevance and deterrence effect on accidents from 2016. In this system, all traffic accident locations can be displayed on a digital map, and it helps to intuitively recognize where accidents occur frequently. In addition, police operations and road infrastructure maintenance information can be displayed on other layers on the same map. In the next stage, it is expected that utilizing PDCA cycle with probe data will improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the accident deterrence counterplans.

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