In recent years, many reports have suggested that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using laser or LED light has wound-healing effects and is effective for early osseointegration of implants. In addition, studies using LEDs often use red LED light with a wavelength of 600-900 nm. On the other hand, there are reports that shorter wavelength light sources, such as green with a wavelength of 500-570 nm, are more effective for cell proliferation. Therefore, we examined the wound-healing effect of PBMT by irradiating rat-derived osteoblast-like cells with green LED light. Osteoblast-like cells collected from rat femurs were cultured and irradiated four times with green LED light at 5.6 J/cm² for 16 seconds. Comparisons were made between a group irradiated with LED light, a group treated with fibroblast growth factor, a group irradiated with LED light and treated with fibroblast growth factor, and a control group. The wound healing effects were examined by evaluating cell proliferation activity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization ability. LED irradiated cells showed significantly higher cell proliferative capacity than the control group, FGF group and LED + FGF group at 4.5 and 12 hours after irradiation. The ALP activity of the LED irradiated cells was considerably higher than those of the control group, FGF group and LED + FGF group, cells, 5 and 7 days after irradiation. The mineralization ability of LED irradiated cells was higher than those of the control group, FGF group and LED + FGF group 14 days after irradiation. Under the conditions of this study, irradiation of rat osteoblast-like cells with green LED light enhanced cell proliferation, ALP activity, and mineralization. This suggests that green LED light irradiation promotes wound healing.

The purpose of this study was to examine the biological response to a hydroxyapatite (HA)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂) hybrid (Hyb) coated implant surface after ultraviolet UV irradiation. After acid etching, titanium (Ti) disc and implant surfaces were modified using HA and TiO₂ targets, employing single-target and dual-target sputter deposition techniques, and subjected to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The surface roughness and hydrophilicity were analyzed, and the biomechanical strength of the bone-implant interface was assessed using an implant biomechanical push-in test. We found that UV irradiation improved the strength of the bone-implant interface for all modified Ti surfaces. The Hyb surface showed greater bone-implant integration than the microrough (acid etched) or single-target sputtered surfaces (TiO₂ and HA).

To investigate the effect of soft-start light on microleakage and shear adhesion of molars. The healthy third molars extracted from the Department of Stomatology, Zigong First People’s Hospital from December 2018 to February 2020 were collected, group A: dyad self-acid fluid resin + strong light mode; Group B: dyad self-acid fluid resin + standard mode; Group C: dyad self-acid fluid resin + soft start mode; Group D: phosphoric acid etching + 3m blocking Agent + strong light mode; Group E: phosphoric acid etching + 3m blocking Agent + standard mode; Group F: phosphoric acid etching + 3m blocking Agent + soft start mode. The microleakage test was performed in simulated oral environment in vitro, and 10 teeth in each group were randomly selected for in vitro evaluation of shear adhesion. A total of 360 teeth, 60 in each group, were included after screening. From Group A to Group F, the scores of microleakage grade decreased in turn, and there was a significant difference among the groups (p < 0.001), it is suggested that the combination of soft-start light-curing mode, phosphoric acid etching and blocking agent (Group F) can effectively reduce the grade of microleakage. From Group A to Group F, the shear surface adhesive force showed an increasing trend, and there was a significant difference among the groups (p < 0.001), it is suggested that the combination of soft-start photocuring mode, phosphoric acid etching and blocking agent (Group F) can effectively increase the shear surface adhesion. The soft-start light mode can reduce the micropermeability grade and increase the shear surface adhesion, which may be an effective surgical strategy in the treatment of dental caries.

We investigated the regulatory roles of miR-141 and RICTOR genes in osteoporosis (OP) and explored the potential therapeutic value of miR-141 in OP by targeting RICTOR gene. The role of miR-141 and RICTOR genes as regulators in ovariectomized (OVX) rats was determined using RT-qPCR assays in osteoporosis models of OVX rats. and their expression levels in OVX rats and related clinical features were further analyzed. The functional role of miR-141/RICTOR pathway was investigated using plasmids. miR-141 was lowly expressed in OVX rats, while RICTOR gene was highly expressed. Bioconductivity prediction analysis revealed potential regulatory sites for miR-141 and RICTOR. Promotion of miR-141 or inhibition of RICTOR expression levels using miR-141 mimic/ si-RNA RICTOR in OVX rats reduced ALP activity as well as expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), bone gla protein (BGP) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), while promoting osteoprotegerin production. Healthy rats with elevated RICTOR expression levels showed same symptoms of OVX, whereas miR-141 mimic injection improved the OP symptoms in rats. Our data suggest that miR-141 regulate ALP activity as well as osteoprotegerin, RANKL, BGP and TRAP levels by targeting RICTOR gene, impacting the development of OP.

Recently researchers are attempting to develop a treatment for Sjögren’s syndrome using mesenchymal stem cell culture supernatant. In this study, we analyzed changes in the submandibular gland in Murphy Roths Large (MRL) mice of a Sjögren’s syndrome model administered human dental pulp stem cell-derived conditioned medium (DPSC-CM). MRL mice were injected with DPSC-CM twice per week for two weeks. Submandibular glands were analyzed after four days of final injection in after 4 days group and 29 days after final injection in after 29 days group, which were compared to each non-treated group. We measured salivary flow and conducted general histological, immunohistochemical, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) investigations. Both the after 4 and 29 days groups of mice treated with DPSC-CM showed significant increase in salivary flow compared to the non-treated group. Significant increases were observed in the stem cell marker (c-Kit), progenitor cell marker (CK5), and acinar cell marker (AQP5) in immunohistochemical analyses. Furthermore, a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-10 was observed. There was a significant decrease in the inflammatory cytokine IL-6. The results of this study show that the systemic administration of DPSC-CM to MRL mice restores the function of submandibular gland tissue and reduces inflammation. Furthermore, because the effects were observed even after 29 days of DPSC-CM administration, it was suggested that there would be long-term functional repair of submandibular gland tissue and control of inflammation. DPSC-CM showed a potential as long-term treatment for hyposalivation caused by Sjögren’s syndrome.

Female birds have a medullary bone (MB) on the innermost surface of a cortical bone (CB) during the egg-laying cycle. This bone tissue is known to store calcium (Ca) for eggshell formation. As a result of Ca isotopic analyses of MB and CB from the mature female chickens using a multiple collector-ICP-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), the ⁴³Ca/⁴²Ca and ⁴⁴Ca/⁴²Ca ratios of MB were higher than those of CB in the bones of the same individual. Moreover, elemental mapping of the CB and MB using a laser ablation-ICP-MS revealed that Mn, Zn, and Cu contents in the MB which are used for activating bone morphogenic protein were higher than those in CB. According to the mechanism of Ca isotope fractionation reported in our previous study, the difference in Ca isotope ratio between MB and CB can be explained by the change in bone turnover rate, i.e., the balance between bone formation and resorption. Therefore, the difference in Ca isotope ratio between MB and CB reflects the different Ca balances during the bone tissue formation of each part.

Total knee replacements (TKR) of Titanium (Ti), Ti6Al4V (Ti64) and CoCrMo (CoCr) alloys have exhibited post implantation life spans extending over 15 years; however, their use is limited by loosening, metal wear particle or stress-related bone resorption and mechanical failures. Recently, with the advent of personalized, and patient-specific manufacturing technologies; implant components can be additive manufactured, and the integration of biological and mechanical methods are able to improve clinical long-term compatibilities. The primary aim of this present study is to evaluate the geometrical accuracy of an AM-native and mesh structured rat-femur used by various biocompatible metal. The femurs were scanned using micro scaled computed tomography (micro-CT) and a designed mesh structure. In this study, 3D printing data optimization was performed within the transplant tolerance through finite element analysis between image data, 3D scan data, and 3D printed output from rat femur for biomimetic 3D printing optimization. Through 3D printing using CoCr, pure titanium, and Ti64 alloy, we tried to explore the optimal implanted metal material and design with less morphological error. The materials and implant designs with conditions more similar to those of actual bones were selected for implantation of patient-specific implants, and 3D printing process was applied to post-traumatic fracture repair.

The diagnosis of patients with dentigerous cysts is often delayed. Improving the understanding and diagnosis of this disease are vital for clinicians and radiologists. Large dentigerous cysts present a clinical challenge as they may cause severe alveolar bone loss. In this 12-year retrospective study, we describe the clinical manifestations and computed tomography (CT) findings of dentigerous cysts of the mandible and offer suggestions for dentigerous cyst cases. Data from 13 dentigerous cysts were assessed, including patient age, sex, and radiographic features, including size, shape, expansion, nearby structure, and relationship with the surrounding tissues. The average age of the patients was 43.1±14.9 years. The buccolingual dimension of cysts was significantly smaller in asymptomatic patients (P<0.05). Buccolingual dimensions were significantly correlated with postoperative symptoms. Our results suggest that the size of a dentigerous cyst is associated with buccolingual dimensions and preoperative symptoms. However, the size of the dentigerous cyst had no significant effect on postoperative symptoms.

This study aims to compare the clinical effects of periodontal regenerative (RG) surgery and open flap debridement (OFD) on the treatment of chronic periodontitis in teeth with non-classical periodontal regeneration indications. A total of 32 patients with a shallow, 1-wall infra-bony defect were selected for the present study. The patients were divided into two groups, the RG group and the OFD group, according to the surgical method used in their treatment. The distance between the bottom of the bone defect (BD) and the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) in each patient was measured before surgery (BD-CEJ). The BD-CEJ was classified and divided into two groups: the mild group (≥3 mm and ˂6 mm) and the severe group (≥6 mm and ˂9 mm). Each group was further divided into two subgroups: (1) the mild RG group (RG-M) and the severe RG group (RG-S) and (2) the mild OFD group (OFD-M) and the severe OFD group (OFD-S). The BD-CEJ distance, periodontal probing depth (PD), and periodontal clinical attachment loss (CAL) were measured before surgery and again at one year after surgery. At one year after surgery, the BD-CEJ distance and CAL were both reduced in the RG group (p < 0.01) and significantly improved in the RG-S group (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant improvement in the OFD group (p > 0.05). In both the RG group and the OFD-M group, the PD was significantly improved (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant PD decrease in the OFD-S group (p > 0.05). In non-classical periodontal regeneration indications, both RG and OFD surgery can effectively control periodontal inflammation in teeth with severe BD. Furthermore, RG surgery can promote bone regeneration and periodontal attachment formation.

To observe the clinical effect of low-concentration pingyangmycin (PYM) combined with dexamethasone (DXM) as an intralesional injection in the treatment of superficial lip venous malformations (VMs). From March 2018 to October 2021, the clinical data of 25 patients with superficial lip VMs treated by PYM combined with DXM as an injection were retrospectively analyzed. A mixture of PYM 8 mg, DXM 5 mg and 2% lidocaine at a concentration of 1 mg/l (pingyangmycin) was used for the intralesional injections. Repeated injections could be given at intervals of 2-3 weeks. The patients were followed up for 6-18 months after treatment. Of the 25 patients, PYM combined with DXM as an injection was administered once in 13 patients, twice in 7 patients and three times in 5 patients. According to the evaluation standard of curative effect, the clinical outcome was excellent in 16 patients, good in 6 patients, and fair in 3 patients. No recurrence, ulcers, fever or other serious complications were encountered. Low-concentration PYM combined with DXM as an injection is a safe, effective therapy for superficial VMs of the lips, and the cosmetic appearance and function can be maintained to the maximum extent.